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　　Editor’s Note: Since July 20th, china national radio has sent a number of journalists to set off from Yunnan along the Yangtze River, which lasted for nearly a month, presenting the changing new Yangtze River in all media and from various angles, and interviewing the large-scale theme "Great Rivers Running — — The report from the Yangtze River Economic Belt was launched simultaneously. Voice of China reporters dynamically recorded the people and things they experienced during the interview, and recorded the new changes along the Yangtze River in the form of "Diary of the Yangtze River". Today, the tenth article of the Diary of the Yangtze River is published: The "Environment-friendly" Win-Win Road in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

　　Chongqing, July 30 (Reporter Chen Peng Guan Xin) According to the Voice of China, "News Horizon" reported that the passenger ship boarded at Chongqing Port Terminal 8 and woke up, and the passenger ship docked at Wanzhou Port Passenger Terminal. Wanzhou District, located in the northeast of Chongqing, is located in the heart of the Three Gorges reservoir area and is the regional central city of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration along the Yangtze River. During the flood season of the Yangtze River, the number of floating objects on the Wanzhou River increased, and mechanized professional drifting boats were drifting on the river.

　　After driving along the winding mountain road for more than an hour, the reporter and his party came to Wanzhou National Agricultural Park.

　　In the National Agricultural Park, cicadas are singing one after another. This is the first national agricultural park created in Chongqing, with a construction scope of 228 kilometers, covering 7 towns and 46 administrative villages in Wanzhou District. Chongqing should build a rural tourism complex and promote the transformation and development of agriculture and rural areas.

　　Lu Changkun, chairman of Wanzhou Tongxin Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., is watering strawberry seedlings in a smart greenhouse. He said: "This is just like raising a child. In fact, it will repay you as you give."

　　Tongxin Vegetable Grand View Garden, carefully managed by Lu Changkun, covers an area of more than 1,000 mu. Here, vegetables that are common in the market at ordinary times "live" in the "high-rise" of pipelines with step-by-step and pot-frame cultivation, and like house numbers, they are cultivated by aerosol or water mist. According to him, aerosol cultivation is a cultivation mode. After water is atomized by high pressure, plants absorb nutrients in the air, and more than 80% of the fertilizer they fertilize will be absorbed. This cultivation mode reduces the amount of fertilizer and non-point source pollution at the same time.

　　In Wanzhou National Agricultural Park, modern agriculture like this is being explored and experimented boldly. Not far from Lu Changkun’s vegetable garden, a large-scale cash crop attracted reporters. It was called Rose Orange. This is a new variety introduced from Italy, and it is planted on a large scale as a leading industry in the local area.

　　Wang Xiaowei, deputy stationmaster of the Fruit Tree Station in Wanzhou District, said that in the future, they will develop the rose orange to 200,000 mu with an output of 300,000 tons. "This is also called a geographical indication product, which is too closely related to our climate."

　　The local people not only see the economic value, but also the ecological value from this cash crop. Wang Xiaowei told reporters that in citrus cultivation, they used organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, which reduced non-point source pollution. Compared with field crops, the amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers used also decreased, which was a contribution to ecology. From 2010 to now, 80,000 mu of rose orange has been developed along the Yangtze River, which has improved the forest coverage.

　　Ecological and industrial win-win, this "environment-friendly" planting method is changing the agricultural face of the Three Gorges reservoir area. In Panlong Community of Yunyang County, the local area has also found a green development path through citrus planting. On the south bank of the Yangtze River in Yunyang County, more than 2,000 acres of citrus orchards have built a green barrier.

　　　　　 The clean office space of Huolong Community Residents’ Committee in Panlong Street, Yunyang County, because of the rain, local villagers introduced their new green development path to reporters here. (photo by Guan Xin)

　　Xiang Guiping, director of Yunyang Forestry Bureau, said that economic forests can also play the role of ecological protection, plant fruit trees, improve forest coverage and improve the ecological environment, and at the same time increase their income.

　　At the end of the interview in Yunyang County, it suddenly rained cats and dogs. After the rain, a rainbow floated in the air, which surprised the reporter and his party. At dusk, the reporters returned to the passenger ship to prepare for the next stop — — Wushan county.

编者按：《传膳啦！（清朝篇）》依据翔实的史料，用古雅幽默的笔触介绍了清朝的饮食文化，皇帝、皇太后日常的饮食搭配，以及美食背后的趣闻逸事，更收录了很多隐藏在故纸堆里的宫廷美食和养生药食的秘方。

今日一说起宴席的豪华，读者们脑海中浮现的必然是摆满了各式山珍海味的满汉全席。甚至会想当然的以为，皇帝老儿，每顿饭都是百余种山珍海味组成的大餐。今日更有诸多商家，推出了所谓的满汉全席，山珍海错，琳琅满目。可在清代的宫廷之中，并无满汉全席的说法。

清代在内廷设御茶膳房，负责皇室的日常膳食，在外朝则设有光禄寺，负责承办筵席。 据《光禄寺则例》载，光禄寺的宴制分为：“满席自一等至六等，汉席自一等至三等，又有上席、中席”。满席一等至三等，是祭祀历代帝后妃嫔。四等满席用于元旦、万寿节、皇帝大婚或大军凯旋，五等赐予达赖喇嘛、班禅额尔德尼的贡使和下嫁外藩的公主及蒙古王公等。六等赐予经筵讲书、衍圣公来朝及各国贡使。满席根据级别不同，所供应菜肴的数量也各有不同，如一等席用面一百二十斤，饼饵二十四盘，六等用面则为二十斤，饼饵十二盘。满席以饽饽为主，以干鲜果为辅，同时使用羊肉等。

Chinese banquet is mainly used to entertain examiners, examiners, censors, and transfer officials. Compared with a full banquet, the dishes in a Chinese banquet are more abundant. The first-class Chinese banquet includes 23 bowls of meat such as goose, fish, chicken, duck and pig, three bowls of steamed meat and four bowls of vegetables. The second-class Han nationality does not need geese, the third-class Han nationality does not need geese and ducks, and the others are roughly the same as the first-class Han nationality. Comparatively speaking, Chinese banquet pays attention to dishes, while full banquet pays attention to food.

In addition, there are "upper seats" and "middle seats", which are used to entertain new scholars and examiners. This is the so-called "honor banquet". The upper seat hosts the examiner and the top ranked Jinshi, while the middle seat hosts the lower ranked Jinshi. The upper and middle seats combine the characteristics of full seats and Chinese style, including the cakes in full seats, the dishes in Chinese seats, and the tables used are short tables full seats. The reason for this is that among the new Jinshi, there are both Manchu and Han Chinese, so the two are compatible, and a nondescript name (said to be taken by Ao Bai) is adopted. Enrong banquet will be full of seats and compatible with Chinese seats, laying the foundation for the full and Chinese seats in the next day.

When Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, there was a record of "Manchu seats". In the forty-first year of Qianlong (1776), when Qianlong visited Jiangnan, he cruised to Yangzhou. The governors of Liangjiang and Jiangsu hosted a banquet in Yangzhou to entertain the governors of Jiangnan provinces gathered in Yangzhou. There is a detailed record of this feast in Yangzhou Painting Boat. "Before and after Shangshang Street, the temples are all big kitchens, so as to prepare for the six departments and officials to eat." The menu of this banquet is as follows:

In the first place, there are ten bowls with the top five baskets, bird’s nest and shredded chicken soup, stewed pork tendon with sea cucumber, shredded radish soup with fresh clams, stewed pearl vegetables with kelp and shredded pork belly, stewed shrimp soup with mussels, shark’s fin and crab soup, stewed chicken with mushrooms, and stewed ham with fish belly.

Second, there are ten bowls with five baskets on the 2nd, stewed bear’s paw with crucian carp’s tongue, rice-chafed scarlet lips, pig’s brain fake leopard fetus, steamed hump, pear slices with civet cats, steamed deer tail, sliced pheasant soup, wind pig slices, wind sheep slices, rabbit breast and milk room to sign the first-grade soup rice bowl.

Third, there are ten white soup bowls, pork belly fake Jiang Yao duck tongue soup, chicken bamboo porridge, pig brain soup, hibiscus eggs, goose gizzard soup, steamed shad, fake fish liver, Xishi milk, Vince bean curd soup, nail fish film soup and cocoon son soup.

Fourth, twenty pieces of hairy blood dishes, fried Harba, piglet, fried pork and mutton, fried chicken, goose and duck, pigeon, pig offal, mutton offal, burnt pork and mutton, boiled pork and mutton, steamed piglet, lamb, chicken, duck and goose, white flour cake paper, ten-brocade fire and plum blossom steamed buns.

Fifth, 20 foreign dishes, 20 hot dishes to persuade wine, 20 small dishes, 10 tables of dried fruits and 10 tables of fresh fruits.

At the end of the menu, the author wrote, "This is a Manchu-Chinese banquet". The Manchu banquet here is a banquet for Manchu and Han officials, not the so-called "Manchu banquet" later.

There are several characteristics in the menu contained in Yangzhou Boat Record. First of all, there are a large number of rare ingredients, such as bear’s paw, scarlet lips, hump, deer’s tail, etc., among which there are shad, puffer fish (western milk), crabs and other Yangtze River fresh water. Secondly, the five points listed in the menu are not attended according to the five levels. The dishes listed in the menu should be combined dishes. According to the rules of entertaining in the officialdom of Qing dynasty, there should be cakes, dried fruits and so on in the formal full table. There are no cakes and fresh fruits in the menu from one to three, but only in the fourth and fifth middle schools, so they are combined.

During the Qianlong period, ingredients such as bear’s paw and scarlet lips were hardly used in the imperial kitchens, and even shark’s fin and sea cucumber rarely appeared. Emperor Qianlong doesn’t like fish, and there are few fish on the menu. This menu is obviously specially prepared by Jiangsu officialdom to show off and to make friends with governors of other provinces. The emperor himself did not think that his courtiers ate a hundred times more luxuriously than himself. When accompanying the emperor on a patrol, it is not unusual for officials to eat delicacies in private. According to "The Continuation of Xiao Ting", the Hao family in Huairou is one of the richest people, with thousands of hectares of fertile land at home. When Emperor Qianlong was stationed in his home, there were more than 100 kinds of mistakes made by Lu Zhen in Sheung Shui. Princes, guards, and even slaves of sedan chair also provide luxurious meals, which cost more than 100,000 yuan a day. There are more than a hundred kinds of land and water treasures, which have entered the belly of princes and ministers.

In the Qing dynasty, influenced by the separation of "full seats and Chinese seats" in the imperial court, the practice of Han people asking Manchu to eat full dishes and Manchu asking Han people to use Chinese dishes began to appear above the officialdom. This practice has caused a storm of public opinion and is considered to be "extraordinarily pleasing." So smart merchants will choose the essence of full dishes and Chinese dishes and gather them on one seat to attract dignitaries. Yuan Mei recorded: "The dish of officialdom today. It is also known as the Manchu banquet. Used for new relatives to come to the door and the boss to enter the country. "

Please note that Yuan Mei was talking about a Manchu banquet, not a Manchu banquet.

The specialty of Manchu-Han banquet is double roasting, that is, hanging pig and duck. Hanging pigs and ducks really come from the imperial cuisine of the Qing palace. There is a Baoha Bureau in the imperial kitchen, which specializes in making roasted dishes for the palace. In the daily diet of the Empress Dowager, "double roasting" is often seen. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, duck and meat hanging from the stove appeared from time to time in the morning and evening meals. During the Guangxu dynasty, Emperor Guangxu often had two kinds of breakfast, namely "hanging pigs and ducks".

In the Qing Dynasty, there was a brick oven in the palace. There was an arch in front of the oven, and there were three shelves in the oven. Pigs or ducks to be roasted were hung on the shelves in the oven. The oven uses jujube, pear and peach as fuel, and there is no smoke after the fire. During the barbecue, the chef should constantly change the position of the duck or pig to roast the whole body. When barbecuing, ducks or pigs can’t directly touch the fire, which will burn. Grasping the heat well, roasted ducks and pigs have crispy skin, tender meat, fat but not greasy, and fruit and wood flavor.

In the folk Manchu banquet, besides double roasting, rare ingredients such as bird’s nest and shark’s fin are also used as side dishes to improve the grade of Manchu banquet. In a formal Manchu banquet, the favorite food of Manchu people is also indispensable. In the end, the stir-fry and soup in the Chinese banquet, together with the barbecue and cake in the full banquet, formed a rich Manchu banquet.

By the time of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty and Guangxu Dynasty, there was a record of "Man-Han banquet". It is recorded in "Qing’s Banknotes" that there is a barbecue at the banquet in the capital, "commonly known as the Manchu-Han banquet, which is the highest grade in the banquet." In addition to bird’s nest and shark’s fin, roast pigs and ducks must be used in Manchu-Han banquet. After three rounds of wine, the pigs were roasted, and the dressed servants broke them down with knives and dressed them up for the guests. "The pot should be filled with Shaoxing wine, and ducks and pigs should be hung on the stove." On top of the banquet, roast duck and pigs should be served with more than good Shaoxing wine, which is an ordinary scene of banquet in the officialdom of Jingshi.

During the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu, the atmosphere of entertainment in officialdom became increasingly complicated, mainly because Cixi pursued luxury enjoyment after taking power. With the demonstration of Cixi, the whole officialdom began to pursue enjoyment, so various banquets such as barbecue seats, swallow dishes, shark’s fin seats, fish lips seats, sea cucumber seats, dried pork seats and three-silk seats emerged one after another. Among many big banquets, the Manchu-Han banquet is the most important.

Han Bangqing wrote in the 18th chapter of Flowers on the Sea in Qing Dynasty that the patrons of Shanghai’s high-class brothels celebrated an official’s birthday: "Chinese food for lunch, a banquet for dinner, and three classes of children’s play." Li Baojia in the Qing Dynasty wrote in Volume 6 of "The Officialdom in the Present": "Two meals a day, without Manchu or Yan cuisine, invited him to eat big dishes. He has been tired of eating Yancai barbecue all the way. Wait for him to be light for two days. " Volume 18 also describes: "On the third morning, after receiving the umbrella of the people and the political card of virtue, we sailed back to the province after dinner. It is time that flies, and the next day has arrived in a twinkling. On this day, Hecheng Wenwu prepared a Manchu-Chinese banquet at the yamen of our government, and the public money led and invited Master Zhou. "

During the reign of Emperor Tongzhi and Emperor Guangxu, the big restaurants opened in Shanghai all took the Manchu banquet as a signboard. Among them, the famous ones, such as Hongyun Building, Jufeng Garden, LaoYiqing, Wanfang Garden, Zuichun Garden, Taisheng Building, etc., all advertised in Shenbao that they hired famous chefs from the palace to produce Manchu banquet, hanging pigs and ducks, and Beijing-Soviet cuisine.

On that day, there was the title of Manchu-Chinese banquet, and there were also people who called Manchu-Chinese banquet, and the title of Manchu-Chinese banquet was occasionally used. No matter what the title is, there are two must-have dishes, namely "hanging pigs and ducks". Manchu-Chinese banquets and the like are popular in officialdom and even used in diplomatic occasions.

Jiangnan imperial examination affairs have always been presided over by Jiangsu Francisco. During the examination, a bureau is set up in the neighborhood of Hiram’s Hospital as a supply office, and the elite personnel in the yamen are selected to handle the meals, ranging from three or five people. In the view of the officials taking the home examination, "the kitchen is the first important thing in the field", rather than recruiting talents. The person in charge of catering, "First, we must mix the delicacies of the Manchu banquet with salt sauce one by one, and ask members to taste it", and then judge whether it can be used. The cost of one seat can reach the production of ten Chinese people. This job is a good job, and only an old hand in officialdom can handle it.

In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), Zhang Zhidong, the new governor of Hunan and Hubei Provinces, set sail from Shanghai by China Merchants Jiangkuan steamboat. When Zhang Zhidong’s ship arrived in Zhenjiang, it docked and visited places of interest. The local officials hosted a Manchu banquet. "Military lunch. Visit all the scenic spots. I still went back to Jiangkuan, so I sailed on the drum in the afternoon. "

In diplomatic activities, Manchu-Chinese seats have also been used. For example, in the 17th year of Guangxu (1891), Russian Chu Jun traveled to China, accompanied by the Prime Minister’s Foreign Affairs Office. When Chu Jun, Russia arrived in Wuhan, local officials in Wuhan hosted a Manchu-Chinese banquet. The dining table imitates a western-style long table, with various kinds of small bottles, flowers and fruits, and glass wine bottles and knives and forks are prepared for each table. "The dishes are a feast for the Han people. Every time you eat them, you will be happy to make them. There are 20 dishes, four snacks, and milk tea clouds for westerners."

When the China Navy visited Japan in the late Qing Dynasty, it also specially prepared a Manchu banquet to entertain the Japanese side, which made the Japanese slightly stimulated. When Li Hanzhang was in charge of Guangdong, he once hosted a banquet for foreigners, using western food. Unexpectedly, the foreigner was not satisfied and protested: "I really hope to taste your barbecue and shark’s fin when I come to this treasure land." Barbecue and shark’s fin are delicious, that is, Manchu banquet.

In the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), when Cixi and Guangxu fled to Xi ‘an, Liu Kunyi, Minister of Nanyang and Governor of the Two Rivers, held a birthday banquet in Nanjing, which was a day when "Duyuan was richly decorated inside and outside, with no special embroidery". In order to do a good job in the banquet, hundreds of chefs were invited to prepare 50 Manchu banquets and 50 vegetables and sea cucumbers for the birthday party. Interestingly, on the way to escape, the Qing court also ordered Wu Yong, the magistrate of Huairou County, to prepare a banquet for the Empress Dowager and the Emperor.

In the late Qing dynasty, the first half of the Manchu-Han banquet was Chinese food, and the second half was barbecue. Before the barbecue goes on stage, the people present at the table are filled with shochu, two plates of sweet sauce with green onions are placed at the four corners of the table, and two plates of pancakes are placed in the center, and then four plates of roast pig are served, two fat and two essence; Four plates of roast duck, thinly sliced. At the same time, a cup filled with tea is made of tin and inlaid with mahogany. The cup is full of lotus seeds, longan, pine nuts, melon seeds, jujube seeds and so on, and covered with red orange peel silk, which has a beautiful appearance. After the barbecue, I changed to boiled tea. This tea is slightly salty, made of green beans and slightly added with milk. It is called "milk tea" in the north.

After the Revolution of 1911, there were several kinds of national sentiments, and some Manchu-Chinese banquets were renamed as "Big Man Banquet", but Manchu-Chinese banquets still existed, with different sizes. Big and small Manchu banquets were popular in Beijing and Tianjin in the early years of the Republic of China, with the big Manchu banquet ordering 108 items and the little Manchu banquet ordering 64 items. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the signs of "Manchu Banquet" were hung at the gates of high-end wine restaurants all over the country. The so-called Manchu banquet in ordinary wine restaurants is nothing more than a few dishes full of Chinese food, which is nominal. By the time of the Republic of China, Manchu-Han banquet had lost its dominant position in high-end catering, and "Cantonese was the first choice for delicious food".

In the old days, there was a beautiful garden in Guangzhou. People called it "Panjia Flower Group". Later, Pan Shi declined, and it was changed to Hume Pavilion Restaurant, then to Jiya Garden, and finally to Yinlong Restaurant. In those days, Mo Shang Restaurant was a representative of luxury in the catering industry. A table of dishes in Mo Shang Museum, with snacks, fruits and vegetables, is only more than 50 items, which costs 400 yuan, while a table of "Man Han Banquet" was only 100 yuan. At that time, people lamented, "Compared with its richness, Beijing and North Korea sent non-Guangdong enemies."

The top-grade Manchu-Han banquet will look shabby and unusual compared with the Han banquet in Guangzhou Mo Shang Museum. The menu of Mo Shang Museum mainly includes various delicacies, such as stewed bear’s paw, stewed white crane silk, stewed leopard and so on. Influenced by it, high-end restaurants in Beijing, even Tan Jiacai and Guanjia cuisine, all imitate the luxurious style of Mo Shang Pavilion. In 1927, when the Kuomintang moved to Nanjing, Tan Zuan spent 120 yuan to buy a high-grade Cantonese dish, and went to Niushou Mountain to pay homage to the painter Qing Daoren (Li Ruiqing) and invited friends to eat together. At that time, people marveled at the vastness of this banquet, and major newspapers reported it one after another, but they didn’t know that there was already a top banquet with a table of 400 oceans at this time. At this time, in Beijing, there are excellent swallow-wing seats, and a table is only sixteen oceans.

It can be said that the Manchu-Han banquet introduced by major restaurants in the same light-year period was influenced by the palace to some extent, with double roasting as the main task, supplemented by bird’s nest and the like. As for the Manchu-Han banquet developed by later generations, it embarked on a luxurious road. Today’s Manchu-Han banquet is full of delicacies, such as bird’s nest, shark’s fin, sea cucumber, fish belly, abalone, shad, hump, deer tendon, bear’s paw, civet cats, etc., but it follows the routine of the Mo-Shang Museum.

The prosperity of Manchu-Han banquet in the late Qing Dynasty paid attention to the compatibility of Manchu and Han, including full cakes, double roasting and various dishes of Han banquet, but it did not emphasize quantity and rare ingredients. Today’s Manchu-Han banquet, with more than 100 kinds of dishes, uses all kinds of delicacies, but it deviates from the true meaning of Manchu-Han banquet.

The derivative product of Manchu-Han banquet is Beijing roast duck. In the late Qing Dynasty, there were two famous shops, Cheap Square and Quanjude, both of which were famous for their ducks. Cheap Square’s main dish is braised roast duck, and Quanjude is hanging roast duck. The roast duck in Mishi Hutong Cheap Square is a must-have when you arrive in the capital on the same day, and it is even known as the first in the capital.

Roast duck with hanging stove is originally a palace dish, and it has gradually entered the folk. During the Tongzhi period, Yang Quanren, a native of Hebei Province, bought a dried and fresh fruit shop, hired a chef who cooked roasted ducks in the palace and started the roast duck business. The shop was originally a dried and fresh fruit shop. Yang Quanren had a brainwave and used fruit branches as fuel to cook ducks. The roasted duck has a fruity smell and is very popular. This is the famous Quanjude in later generations. In the end, Quanjude, the roast duck in the old cheap square, the roast beef in Aner Hutong, the sauce beef in Jushengzhai, the sauce mutton in Yueshengzhai, the white meat in Shaguoju and the fried beef in Mujiazhai all became the symbol of old Beijing.

This article is taken from "Passing the Meal", written by Yuan Canxing, CITIC Publishing Group, June 2019.

　

Zhongxin. com, Chengdu, September 6 (Reporter He Yuqing) The reporter learned from the State Key Laboratory of Ground Disaster Prevention and Geological Environment Protection of Chengdu University of Technology on the 6 th that the research team of strong earthquake geological disasters in the laboratory used the earthquake-induced geological disasters prediction model developed in the previous period to predict the geological disasters induced by the Luding earthquake. The results show that the Luding earthquake has a high probability of inducing large-scale geological disasters due to the influence of this earthquake.

　　At 12: 52 on the 5th, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, with a focal depth of 16 kilometers. The epicentre of this earthquake is located near the Moxi fault in the south-east section of Xianshuihe fault zone. Xianshuihe fault is located in the famous Y-shaped fault zone, which is a large left-lateral strike-slip fault zone with strong activity. There is a strong earthquake activity in this area in history. Since 1700, there have been 8 earthquakes with magnitude above M7.0 along this fault zone. The nearest earthquake in space is the Kangding-Luding M7.75 earthquake in Sichuan on June 1, 1786, and the latest earthquake is the Luhuo M7.9 earthquake in Sichuan on February 6, 1973.

　　Fan Xuanmei, a professor of the research team of strong earthquake geological disasters in the laboratory, said that relevant research shows that after the Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake in 2008 and the Lushan M7.0 earthquake in 2013, the Coulomb stress near the Xianshuihe fault increased significantly, and the strike-slip rate of the fault zone increased from north to west to south to east, which has the possibility of inducing major earthquakes.

　　Based on the seismic data recorded by the strong earthquake instrument within 100 kilometers from the epicenter provided by Sichuan Earthquake Administration, the research team of strong earthquake geological disasters analyzed and obtained the PGA distribution map of the peak acceleration of the earthquake, with the maximum value of 644.4cm/s2 and the epicentral distance of 28.3km.

　　The earthquake-induced geological disaster prediction model developed by the strong earthquake geological disaster research team uses the global coseismic landslide database and adopts artificial intelligence algorithm, which can realize the rapid prediction of the near real-time spatial distribution probability of earthquake-induced geological disasters.

　　The prediction results show that due to the influence of this earthquake, the probability of earthquake-induced geological disasters is the highest in the southeast of the epicenter, and the road from Shimian County to Wanggangping Scenic Area is likely to be affected by earthquake-induced geological disasters, and the spatial distribution probability of the eastern part of Hailuogou National Forest Park where the epicenter is located is also high.

　　In addition, the probability of geological disasters in the surrounding areas of Moxi Town and Luding County, such as Lengzhai Town and Daba Village, is also high. Collapse along many township roads in Luding section of National Highway 318, Lengzhai Town and Moxi Town is relatively developed, which has a great impact on traffic. There are many landslide disasters such as Niubeishan Bridge, near Daba Village, Shiyue River Dam, Wanggangping, etc. The predicted results of the model are in good agreement with the actual situation in these areas.

　　According to the analysis, the types of geological disasters caused by this earthquake may mainly be high-level collapses and landslides, and a small number of large-scale deep landslides may occur locally. Some river basins in the earthquake zone may be blocked by landslides, so it is necessary to pay close attention to the risk of burst flood.

　　According to the forecast of the meteorological department, there will be rain in Skyquake in the next few days, so it is necessary to pay close attention to the landslide and debris flow disasters after the earthquake.

CCTV News:According to the official measurement by China Seismological Network, an earthquake of magnitude 7.4 occurred at 2: 04 am today (May 22) near maduo county, Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province (34.59 degrees north latitude and 98.34 degrees east longitude) with a focal depth of 17 kilometers.

The earthquake was felt throughout the province, especially in Xining, Maduo County, Huashixia Town and Huanghe Township. In addition, Gannan, Lanzhou and other places in Gansu also have obvious earthquakes.

According to the press conference held in Qinghai early this morning, no reports of casualties have been received. After the earthquake, the fire rescue team in Qinghai Province quickly assembled and rushed to the scene with equipment.

At the press conference this morning, Ma Yuhu, deputy director of Qinghai Seismological Bureau, said that the comprehensive judgment considered this earthquake as the main earthquake — The aftershock type will not have a great impact on the work or life in Xining, Haidong, Hainan, Huangnan and other places. Please ask the general public to work and live normally.

According to the reporter’s report this morning, Yematan No.2 Bridge on Xili Expressway, 41km away from maduo county, Qinghai, collapsed due to the earthquake.

According to rescuers, at 4 o’clock in the morning, seven or eight cars that did not pass the bridge were trapped. After the road administration and traffic police departments, no vehicles were stranded at the scene. Not far away, Yematan No.1 Bridge was also damaged by the earthquake. At present, the Gongyu section of Xili Expressway is closed.

For the latest information about this earthquake, let’s connect with Liu Zegeng, a reporter from the General Station who has arrived in maduo county.

Liu Ze Geng, a reporter from the General Station, introduced that the resettlement sites are properly guaranteed and students eat hot dishes and hot meals; The school building of Maduo Boarding Middle School was seriously damaged, and the follow-up teaching work will be carried out normally.

At present, the Emergency Management Department and the Seismological Bureau of China have sent working groups to Yunnan and Qinghai to carry out rescue and relief work.

Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center and all housing provident fund deposit units:

　　In accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on the Administration of Housing Provident Fund and Several Provisions on the Implementation of the Regulations on the Administration of Housing Provident Fund in Beijing, the Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Committee deliberated and passed, and reported to the municipal government for approval, the relevant issues concerning the housing provident fund deposit in 2022 (from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023, the same below) are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, the proportion of housing provident fund deposit

　　In 2022, the annual housing provident fund will continue to implement the deposit ratio policy of 5% to 12%, and the deposit unit can independently determine the specific deposit ratio within the prescribed scope according to its own economic situation.

　　Second, the upper and lower limits of the housing provident fund deposit base

　　From July 1, 2022, the upper limit of the annual housing provident fund deposit base in 2022 is 31,884 yuan. See the annex for the upper limit of the monthly deposit corresponding to the specific deposit ratio. The minimum monthly deposit base is 2320 yuan.

　　It is recommended that the deposit unit declare the annual payment base of "five insurances and one gold" through the website of Beijing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau to realize one-time processing. The original reporting channels of the online business platform and business counter of Beijing Housing Provident Fund operate as usual.

　　Attachment: The upper limit of monthly deposit corresponding to the deposit ratio of each housing provident fund.

Beijing Housing Fund Management Committee Office　　　　

July 28, 2022　　

attachment

The upper limit of the monthly deposit amount corresponding to the deposit ratio of each housing provident fund.

　　On the 26th local time, Hurricane Laura was upgraded to a category 4 hurricane and gradually approached Texas and Louisiana.

　　Earlier on the 26th, affected by Hurricane Laura, waves kept pounding a beach in Galveston, Texas. The National Hurricane Center predicts that when Hurricane Laura makes landfall, the wind speed may reach 233 kilometers per hour, which is expected to cause floods and tornadoes and cause disastrous damage to the local area. The National Hurricane Center also said that at least 20 million people are currently in the trajectory of hurricanes, and 420,000 residents in Texas and 200,000 residents in Louisiana have been forced to evacuate.

　　In Florida, the southern United States, although the state is not the state most affected by Hurricane Laura, it is still facing a severe situation of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. The arrival of the hurricane will make Florida face the double challenges of epidemic rebound and hurricane damage to its home. Recently, an epidemiologist in Florida has simulated the epidemic trend map after the arrival of the hurricane. The forecast shows that when people need to escape from the hurricane and flee their homes, it is likely that the local virus infection rate will rise again. The local government advised people to go to hotels to avoid hurricanes and avoid gathering in public shelters.

　　Christina, a senior American meteorologist:If people need to evacuate, they can’t stay with their family and friends, and social contact is formed again. Being able to go to the hotel prevents people from gathering in public shelters to meet more strangers and not knowing whether these people carry the virus.

　　"In the face of a common enemy, people who charge forward deserve respect". An internationally renowned epidemiologist praised China’s anti-epidemic feat in this way, which also represents the general consensus of the international community on "China’s sacrifice" and "China’s contribution".

　　COVID-19 epidemic is a major public health emergency with the fastest spread, the widest infection range and the most difficult prevention and control since the founding of New China. An important reason why China has been able to control the epidemic in a short time is that it has always been open, transparent and responsible to the world, so that the society can know and release the epidemic information in time. Report the epidemic situation to the World Health Organization at the first time, share the Covid-19 gene sequence with other countries in the world at the first time, publish the scientific research progress in medical journals at the first time, continuously update and publish the 7 th edition of COVID-19’s diagnosis and treatment plan and the 6 th edition of prevention and control plan, disclose the pathological anatomy results in time, and dynamically inform the vaccine development … … Some people say that China’s anti-epidemic progress has been exposed to the camera and basked in the Internet, which can be called "live broadcast" for the whole world.

　　One family in the world, love yourself and others; Feelings are like brothers, and the sun and the moon can be used as a mirror. On December 27, 2019, Zhang Jixian, a doctor at Hubei Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, reported three suspicious cases she had received for the first time; On December 30th, Wuhan Municipal Health and Health Commission issued the Emergency Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Treatment of Unknown Pneumonia. On December 31st, National Health Commission expert group arrived in Wuhan to conduct on-site investigation. From January 3, 2020, China began to formally inform the World Health Organization and other countries in the world, including the United States, of information in a timely and proactive manner … … From the discovery of cases to the response to the epidemic, every step taken by China is well documented and completely open. Some media commented that Wuhan’s "city closure" on January 23 shocked the world. If such a red warning still can’t wake you up, it only means that you are pretending to sleep. Bill Gates told the media many times that "China did a lot of right things from the beginning".

　　Covid-19 is a brand-new virus, which is called "the most cunning virus" by experts. It has the characteristics of strong concealment, long incubation period and many changes. It takes a process for human beings to understand and judge it. Any responsible country will not and should not rashly identify it without sufficient and effective evidence. There is no safe haven for infectious diseases, so it is impossible, unnecessary and even more forbidden for China to conceal or delay the epidemic. Since January, China experts have published more than 1,100 papers in English academic journals, and released the research results of epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 to the international medical community without reservation; China has also opened an online knowledge center for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, which is open to all countries. These precious achievements at the cost of life have provided reference for countries to fight the epidemic and helped save thousands of lives around the world. "China’s generosity should be thanked by other countries", said Dino Patty, founder of Indonesian Foreign Policy Association. "The speed and thoroughness of China’s action surprised everyone", and the British newspaper The Guardian also praised the openness and transparency of China’s anti-epidemic information.

　　"In China, all deaths are tragedies, and all life is marked with the highest value," said an American lawyer. On April 17th, Wuhan announced the revised number of confirmed cases and deaths in COVID-19. At the early stage of the epidemic, due to insufficient admission capacity, overloaded hospitals, the failure of a few medical institutions to connect with the disease prevention and control information system in time, and some patients worried about going out for infection and seeking medical advice at home, some phenomena of late reporting, missing reporting, false reporting and repeated statistics were objectively caused, but there was never any concealment, and no one dared to bear the consequences of illegal concealment. Once the conditions for comprehensive verification were met, Wuhan conducted a comprehensive investigation, statistics and revision of epidemic data in time, which reflected a rigorous and scientific attitude towards history, people and the deceased.

　　Although rumors can confuse people for a while, justice will never be absent. Many countries and international organizations spoke highly of China’s anti-epidemic measures and transparency. Some media have asked, when Wuhan "closed the city", there were only a few confirmed cases abroad. How can you blame China for the spread of the epidemic? Anyone with a discerning eye can see that some western politicians are wantonly slandering and trying their best to vilify themselves and plant others. The World Health Organization has warned many times that the danger of slandering other countries and people is greater than the virus itself. As a matter of fact, the whole process of China’s anti-epidemic campaign has been made public, which is well known by the international community. What those who accuse China of "hiding" want to hide is what we really need to be vigilant.

　　There is no second earth where human beings can escape unscathed, and there is no independent parallel world. The materials donated by China enterprises to Italy are printed with the famous words of Seneca, an ancient Roman philosopher: "We are the waves of the same sea, the leaves on the same tree and the flowers in the same garden." This is a vivid portrayal of China’s practice of the concept of a community of human destiny with practical actions. It is urgent to fight the epidemic, and cooperation can win. China will always respect science, obey laws and respect practice, as always, open information, share experiences and strengthen cooperation, and urge all countries in the world to join hands and jointly safeguard the homeland of mankind.

　　BEIJING, July 2 (Xinhua)-A new round of heavy rainfall hit the Sichuan Basin in the eastern part of the northwest. It is estimated that today and tomorrow, heavy rainfall will be concentrated in the Sichuan Basin and the eastern part of northwest China, and there will be heavy rains in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan and other provinces and regions. Affected by heavy rainfall, many places in Sichuan were affected and some traffic facilities were damaged. Today, some stations of several expressways in Sichuan were closed and more than 10,000 passengers were stranded at Chengdu Airport, and more than 100 flights were delayed or cancelled.

　　[Sichuan: Heavy rainfall has caused many disasters, and there are still heavy rains in 10 cities including Chengdu Guangyuan]

　　Recently, there have been frequent heavy rainfall in Sichuan, which has affected many places in the basin, such as urban waterlogging, flooded farmland and damaged houses. It is predicted that heavy rainfall will continue in the next three days (2-4 days). Among them, today, there are heavy rains in parts of 10 cities including Chengdu, Guangyuan and Ya ‘an, and the public needs to strengthen prevention.

　　— — More than 10,000 passengers were stranded at Chengdu Airport, and more than 100 flights were delayed or cancelled.

　　The reporter learned from Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport on the 2nd that the airport was hit by heavy rain that morning. By 13: 00, the rainfall had reached 100 mm, causing more than 100 flights to be delayed or cancelled, and more than 10,000 passengers were trapped at the airport. At present, Chengdu Airport has issued a yellow warning for large-scale flight delays.

　　It is reported that as of 12: 30, among the 971 inbound and outbound flights planned to fly at Chengdu Airport on that day, 84 outbound flights have been delayed, 20 flights have been cancelled, and only 240 flights have been carried out, resulting in more than 10,000 travelers stranded at the airport. At the same time, the rainstorm caused 18 inbound flights to fail to land on time. As of press time, the alternate flight has not returned to the field.

　　— — Trains in Guangyuan section of Xicheng high-speed railway stopped late and several high-speed stations were closed.

　　At 9 o’clock on July 2, due to the continuous heavy rain in Guangyuan area, the rainfall between Xicheng high-speed railway and Guangyuan exceeded the standard. In order to ensure the safety of train operation, the railway department blocked the line to inspect and eliminate risks. Some passenger trains passing through this section on July 2 will be delayed.

　　It is reported that the heavy rainfall has caused D1925 outages from Xi ‘an North to Chengdu East, D1927 outages from Xi ‘an North to Chengdu East, D1929 outages from Xi ‘an North to Chengdu East, D1938 outages from Chengdu East to Xi ‘an North, D1940 outages from Chengdu East to Xi ‘an North, and D1942 outages from Chengdu East to Xi ‘an North.

　　In addition, due to the heavy rain, some high-speed stations in Sichuan are closed at present.

　　— — Heavy rainfall has damaged some traffic facilities, with no casualties.

　　According to the Sichuan Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, heavy rainfall has damaged farmland and traffic facilities in some places, and some towns have been flooded with water, with no casualties. Three township roads in Qingchuan County, Guangyuan City were broken and one bridge was damaged. The city transferred more than 550 people affected in advance.

　　Affected by rainfall, Suji Station of Emei River, a tributary of Dadu River, exceeded the police by 0.25m at 7: 10. Up to now, the water level of Emei River has dropped below the warning level, and there is no over-alarm and over-protection water level in all major river control stations in the province.

　　[Shaanxi: rainstorm yellow warning issued to guard against disasters such as landslides and mudslides]

　　According to China Weather Network, a new round of heavy rainfall began in Shaanxi on the night of July 1st. In the next three days, the rainfall in Shaanxi will continue, with heavy rainfall mainly concentrated in Hanzhong, Ankang, Shangluo and other places, with heavy rain and heavy rain in some areas. In response to the rainfall process, Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau has launched a three-level emergency response to heavy rain, and all localities need to guard against secondary disasters such as landslides and waterlogging.

　　Shaanxi Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning at 10: 00 on July 2: Due to the influence of vortex shear, more than 100 mm of precipitation has appeared in the southeast of Hanzhong from 09: 00 on July 1 to 09: 00 on July 2.

　　It is estimated that there will still be more than 50 mm precipitation in Hanzhong area, western Ankang, western Shangluo and southern Guanzhong from day to night on July 2, and the local area in southern Hanzhong can reach more than 100 mm. Heavy precipitation affects regional geological disasters such as landslides, mudslides and collapses, and the meteorological risk level of mountain torrents and floods in small and medium-sized rivers is high.

　　[The high temperature in North China is temporarily suspended and Jiangnan continues to be sunny and hot on the 3 rd]

　　According to China Weather Network, the range and intensity of high temperature in China continued to shrink yesterday, and Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and other cities in North China have got rid of high temperature. Today, the high temperature in North China has temporarily subsided, but it is only one or two days apart, and then the high temperature will increase again. Like Beijing, Shijiazhuang and other places, the temperature dropped briefly on Monday and Tuesday, and the high temperature reappeared on Wednesday and Thursday, and the summer heat was hard to disappear.

　　The high temperature in the south is also suppressed first and then raised. Yesterday, the high temperature area in the south of the Yangtze River was reduced to the minimum in that week. Starting today, with the weakening of rainfall, the high temperature in the south of the Yangtze River has developed again. On the 3rd, Jiangxi and the central part of Hunan were sunny and the temperature climbed rapidly. On the 4th, with the strengthening of subtropical high, there will be a wide range of high temperature weather, and Jiangnan area will also be the "main battlefield" of high temperature for some time to come.

　　Cctv newsTen days ago, earthquakes of magnitude 7 and 6.6 occurred in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan and Jinghe, Xinjiang, respectively, causing casualties and property losses. Are there any effective ways to reduce casualties and property losses caused by the earthquake? The answer is yes. The reporter recently learned from the Fourth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology that an earthquake-proof "artifact" was successfully developed in 41 institutes of the Institute.

Illustration: The anti-seismic effect of traditional anti-seismic technology and fake bearing after earthquake isolation.

　　The traditional anti-seismic technology is to firmly connect the superstructure and foundation of a building, so that the earthquake energy can still vibrate and deform the structure after being transmitted to the superstructure, and when the force exceeds the strength of the building structure, it will be destroyed or even collapsed.

　　The isolation technology refers to setting isolation layer between the superstructure and foundation of the building without changing the original architectural design scheme, that is, placing rubber isolation bearings. The vertical bearing capacity of the isolation layer is large, but it is soft in the horizontal direction. When the earthquake comes, it can isolate about 80% of the energy of the earthquake, which can effectively reduce the deformation caused by the acceleration response of the upper structure of the building caused by the earthquake, thus reducing the damage to the building caused by the earthquake.

　　Since 2014, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued a document stating that the housing and urban-rural construction departments of all provinces and autonomous regions need to promote the application of seismic isolation technology in an orderly manner to ensure the quality of the project. Subsequently, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and other high-intensity areas made it mandatory. All high-intensity areas with seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees or above and 4-12-story school teaching buildings, student dormitories, hospital medical rooms, kindergartens, airports and other crowded public buildings rebuilt after the earthquake must be designed with base isolation technology. At present, about 7 billion square meters of building area under construction in China need to use seismic isolation equipment.

Schematic diagram of laminated rubber isolation bearing developed by No.41 Institute of No.4 Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Picture provided by No.4 Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology.

　　After more than two years’ research, the 41 Institute of the Fourth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology has successfully developed a laminated rubber isolation bearing, which is made up of a layer of steel plate and a layer of rubber, and the rubber and steel plate are firmly bonded together after processing, with sufficient rigidity and vertical bearing capacity, small horizontal rigidity and large horizontal deformation capacity.

　　"The products developed by 41 are in strict accordance with the national standards, fully combined with the design technology and process technology of flexible joints of solid rocket engines, and have their own characteristics. The overall indicators of the products are at the same level as those of similar domestic products. The series of products have passed the type inspection of isolation products designated by the state in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and have fully met the market demand." Introduction of 41 scientific researchers from the Fourth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology.

　　It is reported that the design method, rubber material, adhesive, molding process, process control and product performance of this isolation bearing have been improved due to the guarantee of aerospace technology, which can ensure that the vibration period of the building is extended by 2-3 seconds or more, thus avoiding greater damage caused by co-frequency resonance. At the same time, the bearing also has proper damping and stable elastic reset function, as well as good durability and fatigue resistance.

　　The researchers said that due to the optimization technology and molding control method of military products, the individual indicators and product quality reliability of this isolation bearing are better than those of similar domestic products. "However, due to the late start, there is still a gap between China and Japan, the United States and European countries in the field of seismic isolation products, especially the series of large-diameter products over 1.5 meters is still blank. These directions are also the direction of our follow-up efforts."

　　In 2017, in the "Shaanxi Youth Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Promotion Conference", the newly developed isolation bearings were selected into 22 integration of defense and civilian technologies projects screened and released by Shaanxi Province.