[Editor’s note]2021 is the 170th anniversary of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom jintian uprising. The Paper Liu Chen, assistant professor of the Department of Private History and Peking University History, invited scholars at home and abroad to write a series of manuscripts to introduce readers to the new direction and achievements of the research on Taishi, hoping to help related research.

Through the efforts of predecessors, a large number of relevant materials have been excavated and published after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established Nanjing as its capital. Most of these historical materials are written by Jiangnan literati, and all of them describe Taiping Army as a "thief". Some of them are western-language materials recorded by missionaries after their visit to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which mainly describes the activities of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom after its March to Shanghai in the 1960s. This period has been the decline of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the discipline of the soldiers was lax. Most of the data described the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which was very different from that before the Tianjing Incident.

The materials introduced in this paper have never been noticeable in the past. In the 1950s, Europeans introduced and commented on the materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which are currently collected by George Fornest Morrison； in oriental library, Japan. 1862-1920) library. These new historical materials mainly show the religious orientation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, but also some scenes describing people’s life under the rule of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, especially some portraits worthy of attention.

Revolution in China: Causes of Revolution.

The first book to be introduced is The Chinese Revolution: The Causes Which Led to It. There is a portrait on the cover of the book, with the cross as a weapon (Figure 1), which reflects the expectations of Europeans for the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom at that time, hoping that it would be a Christian movement to civilize China. The book is strongly impressed by two illustrations, Rejoicing at Nanking after the Siege (Figures 2 and 3).

Figure 1 The cover of "Revolution in China: Causes of Revolution"

Fig. 2 One of Celebrating the Occupation of Nanking is contained in the anonymous Revolution in China: Causes of the Revolution.

Fig. 3 Celebrating the Occupation of Nanking (Part II) is published in the anonymous Revolution in China: Causes of the Revolution.

The author of the book is unknown. From the preface, it can be seen that the author has not visited Nanjing. However, in the fifth chapter "Going to Nanjing", there is a detailed description of Nanjing by the British minister S.G.Bonham. It can be inferred that the author described the vibrant appearance of Nanjing at that time according to the minister’s report.

This book is notable for meeting with T.T.Meadows in Nanjing with Lieutenant Sprat, the British captain in Wei Changhui, the northern king. He described that the Taiping Army had a strong sense of mission, the Qing army was incompetent, the Taiping Army was supported by the people, and was keen to break the existing social order, especially the idolatry. Now he described it as follows:

They believe they have a mission from heaven to kill all the Mantchoos, and they certainly put this in execution as far as they can; and, without attempting to justify this practice, I believe that nothing short of driving the Tartars out of the country can make civilization progressive in China……

Confidence was said to be on the increase among the old population, and they were gradually returning to their homes, and I fully believe this to be the case, as we saw many carrying furniture and clothes, etc., into the city. We observed, also, that the houses of the better classes of Chinese were sealed up by the insurgent chiefs, I fancy to prevent their being plundered; not so those of the Mantchoos, which they evidently consider fair game─the disgorgement of unjust gain and plunder from them for other Chinese. Their clear principle is, China for Chinese.（p.127）

From this, it can be seen that the generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom believe that it is a mission entrusted by God to destroy all Manchus. Although they didn’t use theory to justify this behavior, Sprat also thought that the Qing Dynasty should be expelled for the sake of China’s "civilization progress". In addition, the description that they saw that Nanjing’s population was gradually recovering and people were moving their belongings and clothes to the city gave a clear message that this was "China of Chinese", and it was unreasonable to blame those rich people whose mansions were occupied by the leaders of Taiping Army and their property was confiscated.

Secondly, Sprat pointed out that people in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom have strict ethical norms, they try to separate men and women, and their courts are open to litigants, which is different from the practice of torture in the yamen of the Qing government. People call Taiping Army "Holy Army", Nanjing "Holy Capital" and "Brothers" to each other. Sprat also made the following comments on the incident of killing the flag bearer when the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupied Nanjing:

It is horrible to think that they cut off 20,000 Mantchoos, even to the infant at breast, but they seem hostile only to them; but it is still more horrible to think that the Mantchoos, in two of the many provinces, cut off as many in the name of justice within the year(we know of 2,000 in six weeks); and this in the name of justice! The former is the exception, the latter is the rule. It may prove the least sanguinary practice in the end. Like Cromwell’s severity at Drogheda, it has struck terror into their opponents; the Mantchoos are chapfallen and almost afraid to approach them; they say that six of them would beat any twenty imperialists; They talk of their strength, when we know a multitude of them are but boys, and or their red eyes, etc.

If they succeed,─and I fancy they will, and soon─they will deliver three hundred millions from the grossest of immoralities, the most grovelling of idolatries, and the most grinding of tyrannies. China will be opened to light, life and civilization, all which will be thrown with all their influences and importance into the Anglo-Saxon scale.(pp.128)

Sprat was really horrified at the massacre of more than 20,000 banners, including children, by the Taiping Army, but the targets of the massacre by the Taiping Army were limited to hostile people. He believes that the Taiping Army’s practices are different from those of the Qing Dynasty in the name of justice during this year. The massacre of Taiping Army was a case. On the contrary, the Qing Dynasty regarded the massacre as a means of rule, which was even more terrible. This is quite different from the view of E.G Fishbourne, who visited Nanjing at the same time. Fei did not believe that such an incident had happened, but Sprat’s view was actually relatively calm. Sprat also pointed out that after the Nanjing incident, the Manchu people were depressed and did not dare to confront the Taiping Army. On the contrary, even children in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were not afraid of the Qing Army at all. According to these facts, Sprat thinks that if the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom succeeds, 300 million people in China may be liberated from immoral, idolatrous and autocratic rule, and a civilization like that of Europeans will emerge, so he is full of expectations.

Wen Han, the British minister, and his party went to Zhenjiang after their visit to Nanjing, met with Luo Outline, exchanged some views, and discussed the prospect of Britain’s cooperation with or war with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the future. This part of the content is basically the same as that described in Fei Shenbang’s book Impression of China. At that time, English historical materials often quoted each other, but from the time of publication, the content of this book can be considered to be relatively primitive. Chapters 5 and 9 of this book and The Doctrines of the Insurgents introduce the documents of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Medhurst’s comments and the pastor’s letters published in the North China News, and also introduce Yang Xiuqing’s essays included in the Issuing Letters, recounting Yang Xiuqing’s proposition of expelling Manchus who were idolatrous and worshiping God.

From the foregoing curious documents, we are justified in inferring that there is evidently a tingle of fanaticism and of imposture in the religious cry raised by the insurgents, for, while they profess to venerate the religion of Jesus Christ, they do not scruple to style their own leader the younger brother of our load, who, they say, came down from heaven for the instruction of mankind in the Ting-yew year(1837), so that, although the foundation of their faith may be Christian, there is nothing to show that the superstructure is not as extravagant a superstition as Mormonism itself; and, as in the course of this narrative we have too frequently seen, they proselytize by massacre as much as by faith. Their belief in a special mission to destroy the Mantchoos—man, woman, and child , so that there may not be left a sprout for the race to reproduce itself—must certainly prove a bar to our perfect sympathy with them; and we are not surprised at the assiduity with which the English are recommending to their notice the New Testament in preference to the Old.（pp.166）

From this, the author believes that there are pains of fanaticism and fraud in the religious cry of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Its foundation is Christianity. Although they are not as superstitious as Mormonism (a Christian sect that appeared in the United States in the 19th century), they use faith and cruelty to force others to convert. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom took the mission of eliminating Manchu, and this belief became a stumbling block for Europeans to sympathize with them. It is understandable that the British advised them to attach importance to the New Testament and not to believe in the Old Testament. In other paragraphs, the book also compares the strong aggressiveness in the teachings of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with Islam and Mormons, and has doubts about the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s revenge on the flag bearer, polygamy (the lust of the leaders) and the desire for sovereignty.

Chapter 10 of this book "On the Political and Commercial Aspects of Revolution" predicts that after the continuous development of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the demand for merchants to carry gold conveniently will continue to increase. Legalization of opium trade in Qing Dynasty will bring great influence to India and Britain (East India Company). It also pointed out that, unlike the progress of the revolution, the export volume of tea and inland commodities will decrease. In Chapter 11, "The Present Situation and Future of Guangdong and Beijing", the author has seen that under martial law, due to the influence of secret societies, Guangdong residents will appear anti-Qing movements. Rich people will take their property out to take refuge, Guangdong will be easily occupied, and once Beijing falls, Guangdong people will support the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

What is more interesting is the author’s account of Beijing. Unable to support the huge military expenditure, many banks have closed down one after another, and the price of rice has soared, which has dealt a great blow to the poor. Beijing’s grain has always relied on the transportation of the Grand Canal, and recently some maritime transportation has been opened. However, since the fall of Nanking, the Grand Canal can’t be transported, so we have stepped up planning to transport rice from Taiwan Province. However, it is doubtful how effective it is. The Qing government, which was in financial difficulties, confiscated the property of the defeated imperial envoys Sai Shang ‘a and Xu Guang ‘an, and executed some military generals. This was in fact a government suicide. Lu Jianying’s family, who was killed by the Taiping Army in Nanjing, was also severely punished, and the donation of rich nobles such as Mu Zhang ‘a and Jie Ying also aroused social resentment. It can be seen that Europeans at that time collected various information and paid attention to the success of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and its impact on the economy.

Revolution in China: Habits, Manners and Customs of China and Chinese.

The book to be introduced below is The Chinese Revolution, With Details of the Habits, Manners, and Customs of China and the Chinese, written by Charles Macfarlane. The author is famous all over the world with two books: Japan and the Life of Wellington. The main body of this book is divided into three chapters, which describes the process from the Qing Dynasty’s entry into the customs to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s occupation of Nanjing. The appendix contains 10 kinds of historical materials related to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. What is striking is the relevant historical materials in Appendix 3, Religious belief, which lists seven categories of "Good points" and "errors" of God’s teaching.

In terms of "advantages", the first is their Belief in the One True God. The author points out that the teaching of God comes from the Old Testament Bible and the classics of China. According to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, ancient Chinese worshipped the true God. Before the birth of Christianity, Qin Shihuang began idolatry and gave up his belief in God. This statement is regarded as an example of China’s Origin of Western Learning, which holds that European ideas and cultures originated from Chinese civilization. However, the author did not criticize this argument as absurd, but evaluated it as their loyalty to the one true god. The second is "Adoption of the Decalogue of Moses". Regarding the fact that idolatry was strictly prohibited in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he took the fifth rule "Be filial to parents" praised by most non-Christians as a teaching instruction, and compared with the indifferent attitude of the world not worshiping God, the father and the emperor, better explained the necessity of worshiping God. In addition, he also specifically described the fact that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom prohibited adultery. On the seventh day, he advocated "it is not good to commit adultery" and "it is a crime to blow foreign cigarettes and sing evil songs". The third is the evaluation of their "Recognition of the Future State", thinking that they hold the concepts of heaven and hell.

Commentators list the "mistakes" of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom: First, their understanding of Christian truth is incomplete. Second, they deny the "trinity" theory. As we all know, Hong Xiuquan later argued with missionaries about the "Trinity" theory. However, due to the lack of documents collected by Europeans at that time, even though the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom ignored the teaching of the New Testament, critics took a cautious attitude towards the criticism of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In addition, the third and fourth "mistakes" of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were "Polygamy". Their comments are as follows:

I can not condemn them on account of these things so immediately and strongly as many do. Their obtaining among them, illustrates and confirms the view that they have not got the New Testament Scriptures, nor learned much from European or American missionaries. It is, believing this, that I cannot think very unfavourably or unhopefully of them, because of their offerings and their many wives. Should it turn out that they do those things, having the whole revealed will of God before them, and having had it enforced upon them in those very points by instructors, my opinion of them in those will be greatly modified. But at present, while from other grounds I infer their ignorance of our Christian records, there does not appear to me anything very culpable in the practices we are considering.（p.216）

It can be seen that the practice of polygamy by the leaders of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is the result of their failure to study the New Testament and the teachings of European and American missionaries. However, critics did not accuse the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of polygamy or look at it with disappointment, but held a sympathetic mood. He thinks that since this is also the will of God, now they ignore the values of European Christianity, which has not caused much disappointment. As long as they improve their ethics, they will give up polygamy. Therefore, he thinks it is necessary to educate them fully and let them know the story about Adam and Eve in the second chapter of Genesis.

Polygamy of the leaders of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom later became an important argument for European and American missionaries to accuse them of heresy, especially the fact that Hong Rengan, who lived in Hong Kong, had multiple wives was strongly criticized. Sprat also talked about this problem in his letter, saying that the Taiping King had 36 wives, but the general Taiping Army could not do so. They believe that this is the result of the lack of knowledge of the leaders of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. They only know the Old Testament and don’t know the New Testament. From this, it can be seen that for Europeans, polygamy has become their concern since they first came into contact with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Charles Macfarlane’s works also include important historical materials of missionaries’ understanding of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. One of them is a letter from J. Smith, bishop of the Victoria)J. Smith Hong Kong. His religious comments on the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom have many versions, similar to Mormons and Puritans, but their true image is unknown. In the information collected by Wen Han and his party, the religion of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is a mixture of Christianity, superstition and China’s unique ideas, but the Bible translated by K. Karl Gützlaff can be seen everywhere in their tents. They are uncompromising iconoclasts and seem to have no communication with Catholicism. In addition, they call foreigners "foreign brothers" and have a friendly attitude. Except opium, they all intend to do business with foreigners. Wen Han and others predicted that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom only took Nanjing as its temporary capital, and in the near future, they would attack Beijing.

According to this information, Smith made a positive evaluation, and thought that the Taiping rebels’ honesty to religion and patriotism of citizens could be seen from the leaders of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Now China is facing great social changes, and the British Church should send outstanding talents from its own country to China to improve the level of Christianization in China. He also warned that Britain, as an empire with colonies, would eventually fall from the glorious throne if it failed to accomplish these missions and only pursued its own prosperity and wealth.

Regarding Smith’s evaluation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, A.F. Lindley mentioned it in the History of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution. However, the article "The Religion Character of Insurances" sent to the editor of China Mail by the missionaries in Guangdong at that time was quoted by the priest.

The Characteristics of Rebel Religion introduces in detail how Hong Xiuquan studied in Luo Xiaoquan after reading Good Advice to the World, and talks about the testimony of Hong Rengan after he fled to Hong Kong in 1852. Characteristics of Rebel Religion is similar to Luo Xiaoquan’s The Truth of Hong Xiuquan’s Revolution, but the author is not Luo Xiaoquan. The Characteristics of Rebel Religion also describes the rumor that Hong Rengan met T. Hamberg. However, the author is not Han Shanwen, but probably A.P.Happer who has done missionary, medical and educational work in Guangzhou.

The characteristic of the article "The Characteristics of Rebel Religion" is that although it talks about the persecution and suffering of worshipping God, it denies the armed uprising of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The article holds that none of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s doctrines and actions can satisfy people. What they did with the help of "the miracle hand of God" was a naked killing behavior full of hatred and fanaticism. Under the influence of the Old Testament, they destroyed idols and killed Buddhist monks, which was not so much what Jesus did as what Berial, the demon king of hell, did. The article also revealed the following killings initiated by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom:

What has marked the whole course of this desolating scourge but plunder and exaction, bloodshed and murder─in many cases the most wanton and brutal murder of the peaceful and unresisting people, as well as of the officers and Tartars. The ears of the Canton people yet tingle at the mention of the wholesale and indiscriminate massacre of men, women, and children, at Tsiuen-chau city, in the north east corner of Kwang-si province. The number massacred at the capture of the three cities of Wu-chang, Han-yang, and Han-kau, will never be accurately known. Some letters state, that they themselves spoke, with the greatest coldness of feeling, of having massacred twenty-five thousand persons at the capture of Nankin.（p.132）

The author has mentioned in other papers that the massacre launched by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Quanzhou, Guangxi in June 1852 described here is not a fact, but a fictional plot by people who were shocked by the uncompromising fighting image of the Taiping Army. However, from the historical data, we can know that this information has a great impact on people, and it has spread to all parts of Guangdong together with the news that the number of dead people in three towns in Wuhan is unknown and the number of dead people in Nanjing is as high as 25,000. The article holds that although the Bible forbids idolatry, it does not command them to destroy idols and temples by violent means, nor does it command them to kill monks and banners. The article also argues that missionaries in Shanghai should teach them well, and Christianity does not allow people to use weapons to resist persecution.

Charles Macfarlane pointed out that the two missionaries’ comments were too extreme, and in The Characteristics of Rebel Religion, they also agreed that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom had a belief in the existence beyond the world. Confucianism has no feelings of faith, and people who converted to Buddhism can only worship idols if they are not satisfied in that cold philosophy. He thought that China needed a new religion at that time, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was a movement initiated by people suffering from the cruel rule of the empire. Charles Macfarlane expressed the following views on the right and wrong of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom using violent means:

As to the deduction of“conservative,”that these people cannot be Chriatians of any kind, because they wage war and shed blood, it is to be observed that Christianity never yet, immediately and on its first introduction, changed the whole character of a people. The English, the French, the Germans, the Spanish, the Italians, all engaged in wars after their conversion, and continued to carry on wars with ferocity and cruelty mane ages after Christianity had been preached to them, and their countries covered with Christian churches. One of the very first results of the Reformation was a long and bloody war, in which it can scarcely be said that the Protestants were much more gentle or merciful than the Romanist. The true Christian spirits was developed in Europe by very slow degrees; and how far we are, even at this days, from possessing it in fullness and purity, the last Annual Register , or the last newspapers, the records of a single week, or a glance at the actual condition of Europe(where the flames of war may be rekindled tomorrow), will give us sufficient proof and conviction.

We confess that we cling to the belief or hope that, however imperfectly, some seeds of the pure faith have been sown in China, and that great and happy results may be anticipated therefrom. At least this is clear, ─the Chinese have had awakening. Better almost anything than the dead sleep in which they have been lying for so many ages. Their condition, their vices, their government, their irreligion, were all so bad, that almost any change must be for the better. The empire was as a gangrened, putrefying corpse. There is at least life in this insurrectional movement. （p.137）

The above points out that there have been many wars and violence in Europe after accepting Christianity, and the result of religious reform is also a long-term bloody war. We can’t say whether Christianity is more gentlemanly or compassionate than Catholicism. Even the true Christian spirit developed in a very slow process in Europe. What is certain now is that Christianity spread in China, even though it is not complete, has already sown the seeds, and contacted China, who was awakening at that time.

Charles Macfarlane, after discovering the offensive intolerance in the religions of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, did not regard them as heresies, but made an internal reflection on the Christian society in Europe and made a positive evaluation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. This argument is a missing part in past studies. In order to criticize Britain’s policy towards China, and in order to justify the "Taiping Christianity" advocated by Jane Eyre, there was a tendency to simplify the nature of God’s religion, and then the tendency of Europeans to regard the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom as a heresy began to strengthen. However, in July, 1860, a commentary was published in the North China News, pointing out that the Christian history in Europe is also bloody, because the Taiping Army, like the orthodox Christians in Europe in the past, carried out excessive idol destruction, and it was wrong to criticize the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom as a heresy. The exclusiveness of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which was manifested in the massacre of flag-bearers, was the product of Jewish and Christian thoughts spread from modern Europe to the whole world together with evangelical enthusiasm. It can be said that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has prompted Europeans to reflect on this situation.

The Life of King Taiping-Rebel Leader in China, etc.

Next, I will introduce the book Life of Tai-Ping-Wang (Chief of the Chinese Insurrection) by J. Milton Mackie. The book was published later in 1857. Based on the information of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom introduced in magazines and books, it describes Hong Xiuquan’s career from childhood to Nanjing occupation in 47 chapters. In the 43rd chapter "The insurgent Creed", which recorded the religious thoughts of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the idea of God teaching was summarized in a short sentence, that is, "There is only one God, and the Taiping King is the brother of Jesus (There is no God but God; and Tai-ping-Wang is the younger brother of Jesus.）”。 In addition, there are several interesting illustrations in the book, depicting Hong Xiuquan’s dream in 1837, the uprising of the God-worshipping army, the battle with the Qing army, and the offensive and defensive warfare near Hoonji, Nanjing (Figure 4-6). The God in white and the Taiping Army reminiscent of the Crusaders can be said to be the image of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom held by Europeans.

Fig. 4 Hong Xiuquan’s dream, contained in J. Milton Mackie’s The Life of King Taiping-Rebel Leader in China.

Fig. 5 Taiping Army defeated Qing Army, in J. Milton Mackie’s Life of Taiping King-Rebel Leader in China.

Fig. 6 Taiping Army captured Nanjing, in J. Milton Mackie’s Life of Taiping King-Rebel Leader in China.

Several letters from missionaries are also included in this book. For example, Tian Jiabi, a Catholic bishop, recorded in his letter that people in Jiangxi were expecting the arrival of the Taiping Army in 1852, and Luo Xiaoquan, who received a letter from Hong Xiuquan in 1853, sent a letter to the American Commissioner in China, Mashali, asking about the possibility of missionary work in the areas occupied by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. There is also a historical material that was not paid attention to before, which is a letter from Mgr. Rizzolati, Bishop of Huguang Region of Catholicism, to the Central Council in Lyon and Paris, France in August 1853:

They(the insurgent kings)have placed all the resources in a common treasury, and reorganized society on a new plan, that is, in groups of a certain number of persons of both sexes, who are prohibited from cohabiting together, under the most severe penalties. This rule is to be observed until the whole China shall have been conquered. All honorary titles are abolished, except those of officers in the army. The men are to adopt the appellation of brothers, and the women that of sisters. Each family has two chiefs; a man for government of the male members, and a woman for the females; and over all these individual dignitaries a hierarchy is established, comprising general presidents of both sexes. All these confraternities live in common, at the expense of the public treasury; and all of them are bound to perform military service, the men under the command of a male leader, and the women under that of the female; for there are captains of both sexes. After the conquest of the empire, the families, whose military services may no longer be deemed necessary, are to return to their cities, where there is to be no distinction of rich and poor, but perfect equality. However, according to the laws of their communism, the king, the princes, and generals are to have the exclusive right of possession and acquisition, and the subalterns are to remain in the service of their chiefs, and to receive, in reward for these services, such food and clothing as the generosity of their masters may induce them to bestow.（Note C, p.280）

The letter introduced the sacred storehouse system implemented by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Yong ‘an Prefecture, Wuchang and Nanjing, and described the situation of dissolving families, managing separate camps for men and women, denying the gap between the rich and the poor, and implementing "perfect equality" before the Qing Dynasty was completely overthrown. In addition, it is mentioned that kings and generals can get privileges according to the laws they have made, and people serving in their palaces can get clothes and food there. G. J. Wolseley, a British general who visited Nanjing in 1861, also said that "people serve under the flag of their masters, who provide them with daily food, clothes and all daily necessities". Therefore, it can be seen that the ability of the king can be inferred from the degree of support of each palace for its subordinate personnel.

There is also a book "Christianity in China-its missionary history and present rebellion" (The Christianity in China, the history of Christian Missions, and of the present insurrection) in oriental library, and its title page contains portraits of Emperor Xianfeng and Hong Xiuquan (Figure 7). Chapter 12, "The Origin of the Rebellion in China and the Victory and Development of Christianity", introduces the process of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom at great length. In addition, although there are not many descriptions of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in "China Mission, Embracing a History of the Various Missions of All Denominations About the Chinese", there are many biographies of missionaries related to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, but Luo Xiaoquan’s biography can’t be found. It is conceivable that Luo Xiaoquan was not highly praised by the missionary groups at that time.

Figure 7: Emperor Xianfeng and Hong Xiuquan, contained in Christianity in China-The History of its Missionary and the Rebellion Now.

conclusion

Based on the English historical materials related to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Nanjing, the capital of oriental library, this paper discusses the understanding of God in Europe. When most of them heard the news that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom built Nanjing as its capital, they all looked forward to the opportunity for China to become a Christian country. At the same time, they also have many doubts about the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s tendency to attach importance to the Old Testament, the slaughter of the flag bearer, polygamy which deviates from European customs and so on.

In fact, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom attached importance to the Old Testament, which was a direct result of the influence of missionaries in China at that time. As a Hakka, Hong Xiuquan is often treated unfairly because of his status, and naturally he will be strongly attracted by the contents of the Old Testament holy books of Jews who have scattered around the country because of the loss of their motherland. Retaliatory violence caused by the theory of relief of the oppressed people promoted the massacre of flag-bearer idolaters by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and many missionaries who knew about this situation opposed the violent revolution. In addition, among those who have sympathy for the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, they think that the history of Christianity in Europe is also accompanied by war and violence. Just because the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is aggressive for the sake of justice for the weak, they cannot be defined as "heresies".

Christopher Lloyd’s What on Earth Happened? In The Complete Story of the Planet, Life and People from the Big Bang to the Present Day, China civilization, as a rare and strong civilization in history, has been highly appraised to this day. But on the other hand, he thought that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was "the worst military dispute in human history", and the victims of this war exceeded 20 million. One of the reasons for such a great sacrifice is obviously the relief thought of Jewish-Christian Millennium Kingdom accepted by Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In the past, such cruel reality was over-beautified, or some people labeled the religion of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom as a cult, thus exonerating the Jewish relief thought.

　　China Economic Weekly reporter Yin Xin | Beijing Report

　　Editor: qi zhou

　　(This article was published in China Economic Weekly, No.15, 2018)

　　Since 2014, various mobile app stores have launched a series of softwares with WiFi free sharing and auxiliary connection functions, which can help users connect and use some shared networks without knowing the network password; In addition, some web browsers are also equipped with WiFi-assisted connection function. The reporter tried to log in to a strange network with a browser, and the connection was successful after a few seconds.

　　As people pay more and more attention to the protection of personal information, "surfing the Internet" software has aroused the concern of more and more netizens.

　　A few days ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that it would investigate mobile applications such as "WiFi Master Key" and "WiFi Key", which have the function of providing users with other people’s WiFi networks for free, and are suspected of invading other people’s WiFi networks and stealing users’ personal information.

　　"At this point in time, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is concerned about these ‘ Rubbing the net ’ The reason behind the software survey is that the relevant departments hope that the development of the industry will be more standardized. In addition, due to the birth of the Cyber Security Law, relevant departments also have laws to follow. " Zhang Cheng, CEO of Maiwaidi, an Internet service provider, told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

　　Insufficient notification, the network was "voluntarily" shared.

　　Shortly after the announcement of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the named "WiFi Master Key" responded that the company "always respects and protects the privacy of users, and the user information obtained is within the scope permitted by national laws and must be approved by users". "WiFi Master Key" indicates that the company has always emphasized sharing hotspots by WiFi hotspot owners, and increased efforts to investigate and deal with non-hotspot owners’ sharing, and will further optimize the process of canceling hotspot sharing. "The product only provides ‘ Share ’ Function, not ‘ Crack ’ Only networks that are shared in the form of hotspots can be used by users. We use 128-bit asymmetric encryption for passwords and never display passwords in plaintext. "

　　As for the difference between the two technologies, Zhang Cheng clearly told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that the "deciphering" technology is nothing more than a powerful calculation program that makes it try and make mistakes by exhaustive method, and arranges and combines them one by one to finally get the correct answer.

　　Xiang Ligang, an observer in the communication industry, said that it is more difficult to crack than to share. It is a trial and error without knowing the password at all, and there is a certain technical threshold. However, he stressed that it is not certain that all service providers have never tried to decipher. "Service providers only need ‘ Decipher ’ Just part of the network in the city, others can be shared in a hot way. "

　　Xiong Ge, secretary-general of China WiFi Industry Alliance, told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that from the actual situation, many WiFi passwords are the same (for example, 8 eights or 12345678), and even many WiFi users don’t have passwords. "Of course, it is not excluded that some service providers will use cracking technology, but the current mainstream practice is to share it through users." Xiong Ge said, "Some companies are more rational in details, while others are more rational ‘ Savage ’ 。”

　　The difference between rationality and "barbarism" mentioned by Xiongge lies in whether the founder and owner of WiFi have the full right to know and actively share their own network on the premise of being fully informed, or "voluntarily" shared their own network on the premise of insufficient tips and information.

　　Take "360 Free WiFi" software as an example. When a user logs in to a network with a password while knowing the password, "I am willing to share this network" will be checked in the lower left corner by default. Because the prompt position is not obvious, the user will "voluntarily" share his own network without paying attention, and then anyone who uses the same application can "rub" on this network through this application.

　　In addition, the "offline Wifi package" launched by a software called "Tencent WiFi Manager" has also attracted the attention of the market. According to Tencent, the service is to package some public WiFi in the city into offline packages to help users connect to secure public WiFi in scenes where there is no network or the network is poor. This function is based on the principle of "one network corresponds to one password", not "savage collision with the library". "Before users try to connect to WiFi, we have checked and identified the security of this part of public WiFi. The public WiFi in these offline packages is all public WiFi that agrees to share with others." A person in charge of Tencent told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

　　How to determine who the network owner is?

　　According to common sense, the person who is qualified to share the WiFi password should be the creator and owner of the network, but in the current mobile phone application, there is no function to identify and check the network owner. Xiang Ligang told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that some private networks were "shared" by the above-mentioned software because some visitors used such software to log in after learning the password from the owner, and "voluntarily" shared the owner’s network without adequate information.

　　According to Zhang Cheng, judging whether a logger is the creator and owner of the network involves a series of complicated technologies and high costs. "It is necessary to judge whether he logs in to this network frequently or only occasionally through big data analysis, and also know whether he appears in the background of this router at the same time and actually controls this network." These are the unsolved problems of most service providers in the software industry. "This kind of identification technology is very difficult. What conditions are met to identify the login as ‘ Owner ’ It is a challenge, not a visitor. " Zhang Cheng said.

　　According to industry insiders, "WeChat connected with WiFi" is a way to protect both parties’ right to know. By paying attention to WeChat WeChat official account and other mechanisms, network owners and login users are very clear about the whole process of sharing or being shared.

　　Some insiders also suggested that changes should be made from the bottom of WiFi technology and the password login method should be fundamentally abandoned. "From a technical point of view, the best way is to start from the equipment manufacturer and no longer use the password authentication mode." Xiong Ge believes that compared with "surfing the Internet", the non-password login mode is relatively safe and suitable for public scenes. However, if it is used in home private networks, in order to prevent "surfing the Internet", you can only log in through the verification code, and the experience will be much worse.

　　Before the above-mentioned software has not completed self-correction and self-inspection, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has not completed the investigation of this kind of software, how can private networks avoid being "rubbed"? Xiong Ge told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that there are many service providers and products in the field of WiFi connection at present. In the process of continuous competition and reshuffle, service providers are avoiding being labeled as "surfing the Internet" and increasing the function of protecting network security. "This industry has gone from more than 1,000 in the past to only two or three mainstream companies, and its product functions have also changed from simple ‘ Rubbing the net ’ It has become a network security management. "

　　For example, "Tencent WiFi Manager" has a home network protection setting. Once a user logs in with a real password and sets it as a home network, a stranger cannot unlock the home network through the "smart connection" function.

　　In addition to relying on network security management, can shutting down the external broadcasting of private networks prevent "surfing the Internet"? Xiang Ligang told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that after the radio was turned off, the stranger’s mobile phone really couldn’t search for the network signal, so he had to manually enter the network name and password to enter, which could ensure safety in principle. However, if a visitor has logged on to the network before the host shuts down the network for external broadcasting, his device will still have the network name and password, and he can still log on to the network.

　　Can network passwords be regarded as personal information?

　　In China’s current laws and regulations, the main basis for the protection of personal information security is the Cyber Security Law, which came into effect in June 2017. The Law on the Protection of Personal Information, which the legal profession calls for as soon as possible, is still in the draft stage. Although the Personal Information Security Code, which will come into effect on May 1, 2018, is valued by many people in the industry, it is only a national recommended standard in the industry and has no legal effect. In other words, the legal basis for the law enforcement of "surfing the Internet" software is only the Cyber Security Law.

　　Professor Li Junhui from China University of Political Science and Law told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that there is no special chapter in the Network Security Law on the protection of WiFi passwords, but as a network service, WiFi hotspot connection services such as "WiFi Master Key" also need to comply with the provisions of the Network Security Law on personal information protection and network security. "If password sharing is not voluntary, it is suspected of infringing the sharer’s right to know and the management and control of its assets by the WiFi hotspot setters."

　　Li Junhui introduced that the Cyber Security Law clearly states the protection of personal information: no individual or organization may steal or obtain personal information in other illegal ways, and may not illegally sell or provide personal information to others. "The crux of the problem lies in whether network passwords will be regarded as personal information in China’s judicial practice. Once ‘ Rubbing the net ’ If it is identified as an infringement of personal information, the relevant units should bear civil tort liability, even administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. "

　　The insiders believe that the survival space of "CengNet" software lies in the demand of many people for "CengNet" itself. The more nonstandard the operation of the software is, especially the protection of the shared person’s right to know is not in place before sharing, and if the network owner is not given the right to stop or refuse to share, more unfamiliar networks can be connected, and users who want to "CengNet" will be more attracted.

　　Li Junhui said in an interview with China Economic Weekly that "bad money drives out good money" because of the failure of the supervision mechanism for a long time. "This requires the supervision means or methods of the supervision department to keep pace with the times and establish an effective supervision system before, during and after the event. Similar to ‘ WiFi master key ’ Products and services have been in the market for many years, and why the regulatory authorities have been slow to act is the key to the problem. "

　　From the formal implementation of the Cyber Security Law on June 1, 2017, to the Alipay annual bill incident after New Year’s Day in 2018, and then to the enterprises including Ant Financial, Baidu and Today Headline, they were interviewed by relevant departments for personal information protection. The Internet industry, which once advocated the concepts of "openness" and "sharing", has recently turned to "security" and "privacy". "The early Internet liked to emphasize openness, but many people in the mobile Internet industry no longer mention ‘ Open ’ Yes. " Xiang Ligang told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that the closer the development of the mobile Internet industry is to maturity, the more emphasis will be placed on security and privacy, rather than blindly opening up.

　　Laws related to personal information protection:

　　Article 111 of the General Principles of Civil Law: Personal information of natural persons is protected by law. Any organization or individual who needs to obtain other people’s personal information shall obtain and ensure the information security according to law, and shall not illegally collect, use, process or transmit other people’s personal information, or illegally buy, sell, provide or disclose other people’s personal information.

　　Article 41 of the Network Security Law: When collecting and using personal information, network operators shall follow the principles of legality, justness and necessity, make public the rules of collection and use, clearly state the purpose, manner and scope of collection and use of information, and obtain the consent of the collected person.

　　[Character Dialogue] During the Dragon Boat Festival holiday that just started on June 22nd, the fans only paid attention to one thing-the "4th China Speedway Experience" held in the upper court. During the three-day event, the Koenigsegg R, which was the focus of many media shots, was the biggest highlight of this event. The person who introduced Koenigsegg, the world’s top super-running brand, to the China market is the object of car home’s dialogue, Mr. Fu Songyang, the chairman of Beijing Hengxiang Yongrui Trading Co., Ltd.

　　Mr. Fu Songyang founded Beijing Hengxiang Yongrui Trading Co., Ltd. (FFF-Automobile) in 2010 and served as the chairman. FFF-Automobile aims to build the most influential and professional high-end automobile service brand in China’s domestic market, and is currently the only agency of Koenigsegg (), (melkus) and (Tramontana) in China. During the dialogue, Mr. Fu Songyang mentioned the word "pure" many times when talking about automobile culture, which made the listener feel that this "old" fan who had collected more than 20 world-class sports cars before he was 30 years old must have his own unique understanding of China supercar culture and market development. Next, let’s talk to this top super-runner.

Car home: HYPER AUTO CLUB has also been established. How do you define Hypercar and Supercar?
Fu Chairman:Generally speaking, it is similar to, or the best and highest-tech car made by top brands, and it is still limited. These cars are called Hypercar. Supercar is simply similar to Ferrari and LP700-4, which are not limited cars. Although they are more expensive, Carrera GT is Hyperca, which is the most representative car of Porsche in that era and has a high historical position in its brand.

Car home: Please share some information about HAC Auto Club. What other marketing measures are there?
Fu Chairman:This is a group of people in our circle who are particularly fond of cars and want a particularly pure car circle. Because like us, we all like racing cars, we usually go to open the track and want to promote automobile culture. In addition, around October this year, we will build a museum of automobile history, including the recent activities across the United States, and do some activities that can promote the development of automobile culture.

Car home: Do you have any promotion plans for Koenigsegg brand?
Fu Chairman:Because a Hypercar like Koenigsegg doesn’t need you to promote it too much. We will have a cooperation with the "Li Ning" brand in the future, for example, we will make carbon fiber shoes and promote some brands. At the same time, we will also promote our brand through the auto show. We will also be very willing to cooperate with the media to do special reports on this car.

Car home: What kind of after-sales service do you have for car owners in Koenigsegg who are not in Beijing?
Fu Chairman:There are two Koenigsegg owners in Shanghai, and we have planned to open a maintenance center in Shanghai. At present, if there is anything wrong with the vehicle, I will send a technician to fly over to repair it. For me, Koenigsegg is a flagship brand. In the future, with the increase of car owners in North, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, we will gradually set up local outlets and recruit some dealers. At present, except Beijing, Shanghai has talked about places, and other areas are served by flight technicians.

Car home: What do you think of the current situation of super-running culture in China? Who are the customer orientation of Koenigsegg?
Fu Chairman:Now is the embryonic stage of development, and we haven’t played super-running for many years. The customers who choose Koenigsegg must be people who like cars very much and have a keen pursuit of speed. They won’t think about where the car is sold and how much it costs. They just stick their heads in it as long as they like it. Just like when I bought it, I looked at this car for two years, and I will really save money to buy this car for it. At that time, it included maintenance and so on. There was really nothing. Seeing such a car at that time was really exciting, so I couldn’t bear the feeling. I have also checked countless materials on the Internet. For customers who like Koenigsegg, as long as they like this car, they will definitely know it fully and comprehensively in advance and will not buy it abruptly. After all, it is not easy to sell as long as you buy it. Generally, our customers will treasure it when they buy a car.

Car home: What is your Dream car?
Fu Chairman:O。

Car home: What do you think of the development of the super-run market in China?
Fu Chairman:In some foreign countries, the market share of super sports cars is about 1% to 2%, while in China, it is only 0.1% at present. The middle and low-grade sports cars entered the China market after 2006, and the top sports cars only entered China in the last two or three years. In China, people who are interested in sports cars are the younger generation. For cars, they are not only satisfied as a means of transportation, but an expression of life attitude and taste. At present, the post-80s and post-90s are their wealth accumulation period, and the super-run market in China should make a leap in the next 5 to 10 years.

catalogue

　　I. Preface

　　Second, political responsibility

　　Third, the position construction responsibility

　　Fourth, the service responsibility

　　Five, the responsibility of humanistic care

　　VI. Cultural Responsibility

　　Seven, safety responsibility

　　Eight, moral responsibility

　　IX. Responsibility for safeguarding rights and interests

　　X. Legal Management Responsibility

　　Xi. Postscript

　

I. Preface

1. Media profile　

China Media Group (CMG) was officially listed on April 19, 2018.

In 2023, the Central Radio and Television General Station solidly and effectively implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, strived to blaze new trails, and further enhanced its leading power, communication power and influence at home and abroad. By the end of 2023, there were 51 TV channels and 22 sets of internal broadcasting frequencies; Adopt 68 communication languages and build nearly 200 overseas sites to build an overseas communication pattern all over the world; Operation and maintenance of 19 new media clients such as CCTV News, CCTV Video, CGTN and Yunting, and 3 central key news websites such as CCTV, Yangguang.com and International Online.

　　2. The concept of social responsibility

　　The Central Radio and Television General Station always insists on guiding all work with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, profoundly understands the decisive significance of "two establishment" and builds a solid ideological foundation to push "two maintenance" to a new level. Earnestly fulfill the responsibility and mission of the Party’s ideological center and the national radio and television station, be a good participant, witness and narrator of the development of the Party and the country in the new era and new journey with responsible media and professionalism, strive to create a world-class new mainstream media with strong leading power, communication power and influence, and contribute to the grand cause of Chinese modernization.

　　3. Awards

　　In 2023, nearly 100 works and projects of the Central Radio and Television General Station won the China News Award, the China Radio and Television Award, the Magnolia Award, the Asian Broadcasting Federation Award and other key awards at home and abroad. Forty-three collectives and individuals have won national awards such as the National Worker Pioneer, the National Youth Civilization, the National March 8th Red Flag Bearer, and the titles of national talents such as the government special allowance experts of the State Council.

　

　　Second, political responsibility

　　1. Political direction

　　(1) "Headline Project" is innovative and brilliant, which promotes the propaganda of leaders’ thoughts and charm to be more grounded and more deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

　　Adhere to the standard that the height of the leader is the height pursued by propaganda and reporting, successfully complete the coverage of the important activities of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, and present the charisma of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as a leader of a big party and a big country with a large number of initial, exclusive, in-depth and original reports. Live broadcast of 40 major political events throughout the year; The whole network launched 747 news bulletins, a year-on-year increase of 28%.

　　In the report of the first meeting between China and the United States in San Francisco in 2023, all 32 important news of the reception desk achieved the world premiere. Mainstream media in many countries have repeatedly quoted the reception signal and the content of News Network in live programs. The cross-media reading of President Xi’s trip to San Francisco has reached 8.309 billion times.

　　Explain new ideas in a new voice, eulogize a new era with new communication, and inspire a new journey with new vision.A large number of excellent programs such as Extraordinary Pilot 2022, Cultural Love of the Supreme Leader, Meeting the Supreme Leader and The Story of the Supreme Leader were launched. The feature film Drawing Ten Years (Pilot International Edition) covers 395 million users worldwide. The multilingual version of Allusions Favored by the Supreme Leader (Season 2) has been broadcast in more than 80 countries around the world, and the effectiveness of the external communication of leaders’ reports has been significantly improved.

　　Integrate the media into the matrix and brand of current political products.More than ten kinds of products, such as news eye of current affairs, micro observation of current affairs, long lens of current affairs, micro record of current affairs, study card, and the forefront of diplomacy of big countries, constitute the current affairs communication matrix of the main station. The brand influence of CCTV Quick Review, International Sharp Review, Yuyuan Tan Tian, Riyue Tan Tian, Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review, Straits Times Review and other reviews continued to increase.

　　(2) There are many bright spots in major theme publicity reports, which continue to consolidate and expand mainstream public opinion.

　　Chinese-style modernization propaganda and interpretation are vivid and wonderful.New Forms of Human Civilization — — Special programs such as "Chinese Modernization" and "Striving for a New Era" are vivid in content and widely spread. Key news columns such as News Network and News and Newspaper Summary have launched special plans such as "New Era, New Journey, New Weiye" and "Doing Hard, Consolidating the Foundation and Revitalizing the New", showing the new practice, new atmosphere and new prospect of thoroughly implementing the spirit of the 20th Party Congress in various industries all over the country.

　　Successfully completed the theme report of major events.For the first time, the "channel" reports of the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress were produced and broadcast in full process and all elements in 4K, and hundreds of creative, lively and smart media products were launched. Covering China-Central Asia Summit, Boao Forum for Asia, China International Import Expo and other major events in an all-round, multi-level and multi-angle way shows that China has injected more certainty and positive energy into world peace and development.

　　Panorama shows the fruitful achievements of the tenth anniversary of the "Belt and Road".During the third "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation summit forum, the general station launched 40 news bulletins on the whole network, which became the global "source news". Programs and reports such as The Road to Prosperity, Beauty and the United States, Silk Road Scrolls, and Common Construction comprehensively reflect the extraordinary course of building the Belt and Road Initiative from drawing blueprints to taking root.

　　Do a good job in thematic education reporting with high quality and high standards.Audio-visual key columns such as News Network, News and Newspaper Summary and National News Network launched columns such as Studying and Implementing the Theme Education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, Strengthening Party Spirit with Learning Thoughts and Building New Achievements with Practice, and party flag Flying High at the Grassroots Level, showing the characteristics, typical practices and progress of theme education activities of various localities and departments throughout the process.

　　Many breakthroughs have been made in the broadcast reports of international large-scale sports events.For the first time, the service of the main broadcaster of the Asian Games was completed, and the international public signals and related media services were provided to the whole world with 4K/8K standards for the first time. The related reports of the Hangzhou Asian Games reached an audience of over 41.4 billion people on the whole network of the main station’s own platform, setting a new record for Asian Games broadcasting. The coverage of the Chengdu Universiade provides international public signals to the whole world in full 4K standard, which is the first time that China’s media organizations undertake the service of the main broadcaster of the World Universiade.

　　2. Public opinion guidance

　　Present the vitality of China’s economic and social development from multiple angles.Topics such as High-quality Development Research Bank, China’s Theory of Economic Confidence, First-line Research to See the Start, Specializing in Innovation and Manufacturing Power, and Vibrant China were published to reflect the strong resilience and growth potential of China’s economy from multiple angles and levels. Organize a series of activities such as "China Brand Day Media Action", "China Good Life City Release Ceremony" and "2023 CCTV Financial Forum", and jointly hold consumer season activities in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and other places to give play to the advantages of integrated communication and stimulate the vitality of online and offline consumption.

　　Continue to strengthen the guidance of public opinion on hot events.In hot events with high public concern, such as Hu Xinyu’s disappearance, cross-border telecom network fraud, the peak of children’s respiratory diseases, personal information protection, and chaos in webcasting, in-depth investigations, exclusive interviews, and timely voices were conducted to effectively guide public opinion and ease public sentiment.

　　3. Public opinion supervision

　　Public opinion supervision is long-term and normalized, effectively promoting problem solving.CCTV News Channel and China Voice of Yangguang launched a number of in-depth investigation reports on illegal mining, pension fraud and excessive "landscape lighting project", which aroused widespread concern in society and promoted the gradual and proper solution of related problems. "3.15" special programs and "Weekly Quality Report" focus on new hot spots and new phenomena in the field of consumer rights protection, helping to create a good healthy economic ecology.

　　4. External communication

　　The report of the main station has repeatedly become a global source.The global premiere rate of major international news reached 27.5%, and more than 3,400 news items were adopted by nearly 2,500 TV stations and new media platforms around the world. In the new round of conflict reports between Palestine and Israel, the reception desk was one of the first foreign media to arrive at the news site. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Honduras, the Headquarters immediately sent reporters to Hong Kong to report, and set up the first China media correspondent station in Hong Kong.

　　Effectively and effectively guide international public opinion.We launched heavy feature films such as Democracy: the Common Value of All Mankind, Fentanyl, and other review brands such as International Sharp Review, Voice, Yuyuan Tan Tian, which effectively guided international public opinion. Full coverage of the combat readiness police patrol around Taiwan Island and the "United Sword" exercise in the eastern theater of our army from an all-round perspective strongly demonstrates China’s firm determination to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity.

　　Innovatively carry out "media diplomacy" and establish a broader "United front" of international media.Following the diplomacy of the head of state, 58 cooperation agreements were signed with foreign government agencies and mainstream media. Extensive cooperation was carried out with national media and institutions that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative, and 14 important achievements were included in the list of achievements of the third Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum. Hold the second global media innovation forum, the global tour of "How to be civilized", "Chinese modernization and the world" and the friendly dialogue between China and the United States.

　

Third, the position construction responsibility

　　1. The construction of media communication matrix has achieved remarkable results.

　　The main station closely revolves around the strategic layout of "5G+4K/8K+AI", and helps media integration with scientific and technological innovation, and the large and small screens resonate at the same frequency to maximize the benefits of the media communication matrix. In 2023, the overall viewing share of the TV channel of the main station continued to lead the national market, among which the viewing share of CCTV-1 ranked first in the country, hitting a new high in the past nine years. The influence of new media platforms such as CCTV news, CCTV video, Yunting, CCTV, Yangguang. com and International Online has been continuously improved. Among them, the installed capacity of the cloud listening car terminal exceeds 79 million.

　　2. Continue to deepen the construction of all-media production and communication system.

　　Basically form a global Unicom’s "cloud and network integration" technical framework, and complete the "one network" construction of basic resources. "Hundreds of cities and thousands of screens", "the algorithm of the main station" and "the big model of CCTV listening to media" provide solid technical support for the fusion and presentation of program content and multi-terminal communication. Breakthrough achievements have been made in the infrastructure construction of ultra-high-definition video and audio production and broadcasting systems, such as the ultra-high-definition demonstration park at the main station and the State Key Laboratory. Four technical proposals for ultra-high-definition TV have been accepted as international standards by the International Telecommunication Union, and "8K ultra-high-definition+three-dimensional brilliant color sound" brings immersive experience to the audience.

　　3. Media products have many bright spots.

　　Focus on creating a media-melting product with youth, immersion, extreme creativity and "circle-breaking" effect. On the digital platform of "Yangbo" of the Digital Culture and Art Museum at the main station, "Looking at National Treasures at 12K Macro" appeared as the core element in the 12K immersive digital global tour of Sanxingdui. Young people, Wenbo Calendar, Millennium Tune Landscape Flowers and Birds in Song Dynasty, Musical China: An Open Course of Chinese Traditional Musical Instruments and other media products are used to express young people and enhance the influence of Chinese civilization. The total broadcast volume of China Short Video Conference, a large-scale integrated media program, is nearly 1 billion. The live broadcast of "Watching Village Super Together" helped the development of mass sports, with nearly 60 million viewers in the central video.

　

　　Fourth, the service responsibility

　　1. Information services facilitate the people and benefit the people.

　　Live broadcast of the series of press conferences on the theme of "the opening of authoritative departments", and do a good job in interpreting policies such as the No.1 Document of the Central Committee in 2023. Timely launch traffic, weather, consumption, health and other information reports and special programs. "Healthy China" and "Life Circle" spread health knowledge. Media activities such as "volunteering to fill in the report and looking at the high-tech recruitment office here to make a brilliant move" provide a guide for college entrance examination students to choose a school.

　　2. Actively perform social service functions.

　　Public service platform solves people’s urgent difficulties and worries.National emergency broadcasting strengthens emergency management news propaganda and emergency popular science propaganda, effectively raising public safety awareness. The rural service agency, a platform for helping agriculture through the media, opened up the "last mile" of communication to agriculture. Activities and reports such as "Struggle for China’s Employment Action" and "Thousands of Jobs and Hundreds of Jobs" help high-quality full employment.

　　Solidly promote the service of public think tanks.The National E-sports Development Research Institute of the General Station was established, and the first technical specification on the production and broadcasting of e-sports events in China, the Production Specification of Asian Games E-sports Events, was issued. Cooperate with China Renmin University to build the "Institute of International Communication in the New Era", and publish the blue book of global public opinion and public opinion tracking research, China in the eyes of the world: ideas, achievements and future. The overseas polls published by CGTN think tank cover 68 languages. In 2023, 42 polls and 13 poll features were published, and the global reading volume exceeded 95.9 million times.

　　3. Public welfare activities have achieved good results.

　　Produce and broadcast public service advertisements.Around the themes of Chinese modernization, "Ten Million Projects", rural revitalization, ecological civilization and national unity, 85 TV and radio public service advertisements were created, with a total of 108 versions, which were broadcast nearly 540,000 times on 17 TV channels and 16 sets of broadcasting frequencies in the main station.

　　Boost rural revitalization.Designated to help Xide County, Sichuan Province, and trained 2,602 grassroots and technical personnel in Xide throughout the year. The total sales of Xide public welfare live broadcast of "Celebrating Harvest" reached 160 million yuan. A trip to revitalize China in the countryside, the county is starting, the home between mountains and rivers (the second season), Celebrating the harvest and promoting beauty — — China Farmers’ Harvest Festival Evening and other programs and activities tell the story of rural revitalization from many angles, and boost the development of county economy.

　　Organize charitable fund-raising and voluntary service.Donate goods to the New Age Civilization Practice Centers in Beijing and Shanghai, and actively participate in charity donation activities such as "happiness project" and "Constant Love Action". We will continue to carry out public welfare activities such as "Luming Literature Classroom", "Mind Cinema" and voluntary blood donation, as well as voluntary services such as legal popularization and voluntary tree planting. Two collectives and two employees of the reception desk won the "Four 100" advanced model of learning Lei Feng’s voluntary service in China.

　

　　Five, the responsibility of humanistic care

　　1. People’s livelihood reports are closely related to people’s needs.

　　Multi-platforms pay attention to reporting the hotspots of people’s livelihood such as employment, medical care, education, and old-age care, timely release convenience measures, and accurately interpret national policies. News reports and special programs reflect the efforts and achievements made by all walks of life in safeguarding the rights and interests of special groups, and show the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security in the new era.

　　2. Disaster and accident reports highlight humanistic care.

　　In the reports of disasters and accidents such as extreme rainfall in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Northeast China, the Jishishan earthquake with a magnitude of 6.2 in Gansu, the gas explosion in Ningxia barbecue shop, the fire in Shanxi coal mine office building, and the collapse of Qiqihar Gymnasium in Heilongjiang, we will follow up the latest situation of disaster relief and mass resettlement in time and respond to social concerns at the first time.

　　3. Special programs and reports inspire spiritual strength

　　Labor Creation of a Better Life, My Warm World, Walking towards Spring, Steaming China, China UP! (Season 4) "This young people are rushing to go to night school after work" and "A video full of backs to pay tribute to the anti-drug hero" sing the melody of the times and convey the spiritual power of upward goodness. The first lesson of school, sparkling teenagers (the second season), and I am a soldier today (the third season) advocate the all-round development of teenagers.

　

　　VI. Cultural Responsibility

　　1. Focus on cultivating and practicing socialist core values

　　Zhengfeng anti-corruption feature film "Always Blowing the Charge" and TV series The Knockout show the determination to strictly manage the party in an all-round way. Documentaries such as Chicheng, Loyal Bone, Heroes Go Home, TV series "The Road Fires" and "Pearl River Family" explain the red gene from generation to generation. Teleplays such as Our Days, Glory of Father’s Generation, Road of Life and Days of Chasing the Light show family warmth and enterprising life. Annual Inventory |2023, Together! "Annual Ring 2023" and other media products take stock of extraordinary moments in ordinary life.

　　Programs such as "Chinese Dream, Labor Beauty", "Chinese Dream, National Conditions of Home", "Pursuing Dreams" and "My Home and My Country" build feelings of home and country together. The TV feature film Song of the Long March, Song of the Grand Canal and Song of the Yangtze River (Civilization) in the National Cultural Park is an epic of Chinese’s homeland. Documentaries such as Aerial Photography of China and Taiwan Province, Qinling Mountains in China: Memory of a Golden Monkey, and National Park: The Land of All Things Symbiosis present beautiful rivers and mountains and ecological beauty. The Cornerstone of a Great Country, Great Project, Wonderful China, China with Wisdom, Beams of Pillar, Lights for You, City of Youth, etc. tell about the fiery practice of the broad masses of workers and staff who love their jobs, strive for first-class, and strive to realize the Chinese dream.

2. Promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　Innovate and create a large number of cultural quality programs such as Exploring China with Bamboo Slips, Spring and Autumn Stories, Searching for Ancient China, China in Intangible Heritage, Biographies of the Master and Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, Rooting China, the First Young Peking Opera Actors Conference of CCTV, the China Calligraphy Conference, the China Rice Food Conference and the 2023 Chinese Poetry Conference, which fully demonstrate the excellent Chinese tradition.

　　Special programs such as Spring Festival Gala in 2023, Lantern Festival Gala, Mid-Autumn Festival Gala, Blue Water Long Singing the praises of Duanyang, If you meet in seven days, you will be full of songs this evening, and the land of affection will make traditional festivals closely connected with modern life, and glow the vitality of Chinese culture.

　　Co-sponsored the "Five Major Film Festivals" in Beijing, Shanghai, Changchun, Hainan Island, the Silk Road and China International Cartoon & Animation Festival, and launched the First Annual Festival of China TV Drama by CMG, the Festival of National Tide, The Original Sound — — China Folk Song Festival and other large-scale activities, continue to build cultural brands and promote cultural innovation and development.

　　3. Promote the scientific literacy of the whole people.

　　Co-hosted the "2023 Science and Technology Innovation Conference", and continuously launched such program columns as "Special Report on China Space Station in 2023", "Dianzan 2022 Popular Science China", "Innovation in China" and "Innovation in Progress" to cultivate fertile ground for scientific and technological innovation with high-quality popular science propaganda. TV series and documentaries such as Three-body, Above the Moon: Dawn of Space Revolution, Top Lab, KU A! Cool Future and other media programs create a strong atmosphere of advocating science and being brave in exploration.

　

　　Seven, safety responsibility

　　Earnestly perform the duties of safe broadcasting. Strengthen guidance management and position control, the whole platform compacts the business process norms of "three trials and three schools" and "replay and retrial", and strictly implements the process management mechanisms such as daily pre-editing meeting, program monitoring and monitoring, and post-broadcast public opinion monitoring. Strengthen broadcast security, network security and data security, and continuously improve technical support to ensure independent and controllable capabilities.

　

　　Eight, moral responsibility

　　1. Abide by professional norms

　　Strictly abide by the Code of Professional Ethics for Journalists in China, adhere to the principle of news authenticity, resolutely put an end to paid news, and resolutely resist vulgarity and kitsch. Respect original copyright protection, make full use of all-media copyright protection mechanism, and continue to carry out normalized infringement monitoring and rights protection of TV, radio and new media audio and video content.

　　2. Maintain social morality

　　Programs such as Time Model Publishing Hall, Shining Name 2023 (the most beautiful series), Model 8 and China Backbone publicize the deeds of advanced typical figures and carry forward good moral style. People ruled by law in 2023, pride of chinese 2023, The Rule of China, The New Maple of the Rule of Law, Bright Sword 2023, Good China 2023, Safe Travel 2023, etc. comprehensively show the remarkable achievements China has made in the fields of rule of law construction and charity.

　　3. Accept social supervision

　　Strictly standardize the process of editing and editing, and news editors take the initiative to show their journalists’ cards to the interviewees. Widely collect feedback from audiences from all walks of life on the main station program. Open channels to receive complaints from the masses.

　

　　IX. Responsibility for safeguarding rights and interests

　　1 to protect the legitimate rights and interests of editors.

　　Support the protection of normal editing activities and pay attention to the career development of employees. Overall planning of personal commercial insurance projects, comprehensive optimization of accidental injuries, supplementary medical care and other claims services, truthfully declare the aid projects for journalists in China. Formulate emergency plans and safeguard measures, and make every effort to ensure the battlefield risk of employees stationed in war-torn areas.

　　2. Guarantee the remuneration and benefits of employees.

　　Standardize the signing of labor contracts, pay the "five insurances and one gold" on time, solidly promote the work residence permit, settle the points, and implement the statutory holidays and various paid holidays for employees. We will improve the mutual assistance mechanism for major diseases and expand the coverage. Strictly implement policies and regulations such as subsidies and high-altitude seniority subsidies, and add subsidies for hard and remote areas.

　　3. Standardize the management of press cards

　　In strict accordance with the requirements of the State Press and Publication Administration, do a good job in the management of journalists’ cards at the reception desk. In 2023, a total of 7,213 journalists’ cards were verified annually, 232 journalists’ cards were applied for, and 133 retirees’ cards were cancelled.

　　4. Create an all-media talent highland

　　We will continue to build a scientific and reasonable education and training system with the characteristics of the main station, with more than 139,000 person-times of training and more than 800,000 hours of study. Innovatively launch the first talent project of "Artisans at Headquarters", formulate the "Training Plan for Outstanding Young Cadres at Headquarters" and "Five-year Training Plan for Newly Recruited College Students at Headquarters", comprehensively optimize the "squatting seedling" mechanism for young business backbones, and further improve the growth chain of outstanding talents. Initially set up a "master" talent pool at the reception desk, implement a series of key talent projects such as the "Top Ten" and young talents at the reception desk, and build a broad and prominent professional talent growth ladder.

　

　　X. Legal Management Responsibility

　　Abide by relevant laws and regulations, standardize business activities, strictly implement the separation of news acquisition and advertising management, and strengthen the "firewall" of acquisition and management. Adhere to the principle of "management should also be oriented", ensure the examination, arrangement and broadcasting of advertisements, and adhere to the "gold standard" of advertisement examination at the general station.

　

　　Xi. Postscript

　　In view of the shortcomings in 2022, the Central Radio and Television General Station continued to promote the innovation of all-chain, all-round and all-field quality programs with the concept of "thought+art+technology". With the sense of responsibility and urgency of "first, no second", we will continue to accelerate the improvement of overseas delivery capabilities, seize the first place, dare to shine our swords, and strive for exclusivity, actively build a new pattern of overseas communication, continue to do a good job in the external communication of Chinese civilization, and continue to rise in the global media landscape, and the international communication power will continue to soar.

　　There are still some shortcomings in the work in 2023, mainly because there is still room for improvement in the application of innovative technologies and international communication innovation.

　　In the future, the Central Radio and Television General Station will always insist on guiding all work with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, thoroughly study and implement the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader, and thoroughly study and implement the spirit of a series of important instructions given by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on the work of the General Station. Further consolidate and upgrade the "headline project" of the general station, further enhance the pertinence, effectiveness and appeal of the external communication work under the "two overall situations", further accelerate the construction of an all-media production and communication system, and continue to promote digital empowerment, mobile transformation and intelligent upgrading. Strive to build a world-class new mainstream media with strong leading power, communication power and influence, make new and greater contributions to the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation, and push the "two maintenances" to a new level with practical actions.

　　"It’s affordable to buy down jackets in different seasons, especially the online promotion is more lively, but I don’t know how the quality is … …” Ms. Zhang, a citizen who is planning to "bargain for benefits" recently, told reporters. What is the quality of down jackets on the market? Where to buy down jackets is more "reliable"? Yesterday, the Municipal Consumers Association released a comparative test report on down garments of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Consumers Association. The results showed that nearly 30% of down jackets purchased from online shopping platforms such as Pinduoduo, Aauto Quicker, Xiaohongshu and Tik Tok had problems.

　　It is understood that the samples were purchased from physical stores and online e-commerce platforms, and Far East Zhengda Inspection Group Co., Ltd. was entrusted to conduct comparative tests. Of the 80 down jacket samples purchased in this comparative test, 50 were purchased online and 30 were purchased from physical stores; 50 samples purchased online were purchased from shopping platforms such as Pinduoduo, Aauto Quicker, Tik Tok, Tmall, JD.COM, Vipshop, Xiaohongshu and Suning.cn. The 30 samples purchased in the physical store were purchased from Xidan Shopping Mall, Hanguang Department Store, Huaxiang Ole, Yansha Ole, Wangfu Central, Hualian SKP and other shopping malls.

　　This comparative experiment involves many well-known clothing brands at home and abroad, including Bosideng, Pathfinder, Jiangnan Buyi, CANADAGOOSE, Mengkelai, MOUSSY, Columbia, PUMA, Anta, Yalu, Xuezhongfei, Qianqigang, Antarctic, etc. The purchase price ranges from 138 yuan to 12,050 yuan.

　　After testing, 16 out of 80 samples failed to meet the requirements of relevant standards, and the overall nonconformity rate was 20%. Among them, 3 out of 30 down jackets purchased in physical stores failed to meet the standards (the same below) and 13 out of 50 samples purchased online failed to meet the requirements. Five of the 10 samples purchased from Pinduoduo did not meet the requirements; 2 pieces purchased from Tik Tok did not meet the requirements; 3 pieces were purchased from Aauto Quicker, and 2 pieces did not meet the requirements; I bought 3 pieces from Little Red Book, and 1 piece did not meet the requirements.

　　The items involved in this comparative test that down does not meet the requirements of relevant standards mainly include: down content, down content, down filling amount and fluffy degree. There are 10 pieces of down items that do not conform to the comparison test samples; There are 8 pieces with inconsistent cashmere content and cashmere content; There are 6 pieces with inconsistent cashmere filling quantity; There are 4 pieces whose bulkiness does not match. Of the 8 samples with inconsistent cashmere content and cashmere content, 4 samples have actually measured cashmere content below 50%.

Notice of the Certification and Accreditation Administration on streamlining and optimizing the compulsory product certification procedures for products exported to domestic market
Guo Jian Jian [2020] No.5

All designated agencies for compulsory product certification:

In order to implement the spirit of the Implementation Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Supporting Export Products to Domestic Sales (Guo Ban Fa [2020] No.16), and according to the requirements of the Notice of the Party Group of the General Administration of Market Supervision on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan of Further Playing the Role of Market Supervision to Promote Epidemic Prevention and Control and Economic and Social Development (Guo Shi Jian Dang [2020] No.74), the compulsory product certification of export products to domestic sales (hereinafter referred to as CCC certification) will be further streamlined and optimized.

First, focus on streamlining optimization procedures

On the basis of ensuring the compliance and effectiveness of certification activities, CCC certification institutions should reasonably streamline and optimize CCC certification procedures for products exported to domestic market in combination with quality management and risk control capabilities, and shorten the processing time of certification certificates and reduce the number of certification certificates by opening up green channels, accepting and acknowledging existing conformity assessment results, and expanding online services.

Especially in view of the international multilateral and bilateral mutual recognition system of conformity assessment that China has joined and can recognize the relevant testing, inspection and certification results, CCC certification institutions should recognize or accept the relevant testing, inspection and certification results of enterprises and products exported to China, avoid repeated evaluation as much as possible and reduce the certification cost.

Second, actively strengthen technical services

CCC certification institutions should focus on strengthening their sense of responsibility, improving service quality, providing policy and technical training on the basis of full communication with export-to-domestic enterprises, formulating reasonable streamlining and optimization plans, arranging specialized personnel to follow the certification process, comprehensively providing certification services and technical support, and reasonably reducing CCC certification fees for export-to-domestic products.

Three, timely summary of notification information

The designated CCC certification institution shall submit to our Committee the work of streamlining and optimizing CCC certification procedures for products exported to domestic market before September 15th and December 15th, respectively (including but not limited to: strengthening services, optimizing processes, streamlining certificates, reducing and exempting fees and typical cases, etc.).

Contact: Yang Shuwei, Certification and Supervision Department 010-82260745

Cnca
July 3, 2020

(This piece is publicly released)

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 (Reporter Wang Yuxiao, Chen Weiwei) Li Danghui, deputy director of the Consumption Promotion Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said on the 30th that selling high-quality export products to domestic market will further enrich the domestic market supply, accurately meet the demand and promote consumption upgrading.

At the online special conference held by the Ministry of Commerce on the same day, Li Danghui said that the transfer of high-quality export products to domestic sales is not a substitute for the domestic market, and more high-quality export products to domestic sales will further enrich the supply of the domestic market and drive consumption upgrading. At the same time, the common international rules formed in the international market for a long time will also help to improve the domestic business environment, help to fully release the advantages of China’s super-large market size and domestic demand potential, and promote the mutual promotion of domestic and international double cycles.

At the press conference, Yang Guoliang, deputy director of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, pointed out that there is great growth potential for exporting products to domestic market. The domestic market demand is accelerating, providing a domestic market for export industries such as light industry, textiles and clothing, and agricultural products. The promotion of new infrastructure, new urbanization and major projects in various places has brought new opportunities to export industries such as machinery and equipment, electrical and mechanical equipment and precision instruments. The rapid development of new consumption modes such as online sales and live broadcast with goods has also opened up sales channels for foreign trade enterprises directly facing consumer groups.

Yang Guoliang said that in the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will integrate domestic and foreign trade resources, accurately meet domestic consumption demand, set up foreign trade product zones based on various online shopping festivals, and carry out online sales activities. At the same time, make full use of platforms such as Canton Fair and China Processing Trade Products Expo to help foreign trade enterprises expand domestic sales channels.

On March 29th, Country Garden (02007.HK) issued an announcement, delaying the publication of 2023 annual results; Trading in the company’s shares was suspended on the Stock Exchange from 9: 00 am on April 2.

Country Garden explained that due to the continuous fluctuations in the industry, the business environment faced by the Group is becoming increasingly complex, and the company needs to collect more information to make appropriate accounting estimates and judgments, so as to reasonably reflect the changes in the industry and the company in the consolidated financial statements for 2023.

At the same time, as the debt restructuring work of the Company is still in progress, the projects are numerous and widely distributed, and the related due diligence involves a large amount of work and high complexity, the Company needs more time to collect relevant financial data to evaluate the current and future financial resources and financial obligations of the Group.

Country Garden said that the company continued to go all out to ensure the smooth progress of the delivery work. In 2023, more than 600,000 houses were delivered, with a total delivery area of 71.62 million square meters. Country Garden told The Paper that it expects to deliver over 480,000 sets this year and over 1 million sets in two years.

As for the guaranteed delivery, Country Garden said in the announcement that as of the announcement date, the company will continue to adhere to the earmarking of funds and strictly manage the pre-sale monitoring funds, and at the same time use various support policies and rely on policies to help the project delivery.

In terms of liquidity, Country Garden said that the company is striving to revitalize assets such as bulk businesses and reduce non-core and non-essential operating expenses, so as to keep the delivery bottom line and make every effort to improve the liquidity situation.

In addition, Country Garden attaches great importance to the cooperative relationship with suppliers. In the current market fluctuation, the Group keeps continuous communication with major contractors and suppliers to ensure that all parties maintain a consensus on the project schedule and funding arrangements, and continue to effectively ensure the normal operation of the project and complete the task of ensuring the delivery of the building through negotiation of a reasonable payment plan.

At the same time, the company attaches great importance to debt risk resolution. In the past few months, the Company has been working with financial advisers and legal advisers to assess the Group’s situation and formulate debt restructuring plans to alleviate the current liquidity problem.

Country Garden said that the company is still working with financial consultants and legal consultants. The company also actively engaged in constructive dialogue with creditors, and accelerated the formulation of a restructuring plan agreed by all parties on the premise of respecting the existing legal status and legal repayment order of all creditors.

As of press time, Country Garden was HK$ 0.485 per share, up 1.04%.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow typhoon warning at 10: 00 on October 8:

　　This year’s No.14 typhoon "Little Dog" was weakened from a strong typhoon level to a typhoon level this morning (8th). At 10 o’clock in the morning, its center is located in the northern part of the South China Sea about 455 kilometers north-east of xuwen county, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, that is, 21.5 degrees north latitude and 114.4 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 13 (40m/s), and the lowest pressure in the center is 960 hectopascals, with a seven-level wind circle.

　　It is estimated that "Little Dog" will move slowly to the west at a speed of 5-10 kilometers per hour, and its intensity will slowly weaken, and gradually approach the coastal area from the west of Guangdong to the east of Hainan Island.

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on the 8 th to 14: 00 on the 9 th, there will be strong winds of 6-8 grades and gusts of 9-10 grades in the southern East China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait, the northern South China Sea, the Beibu Gulf, and the coastal areas of Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong. Among them, there will be strong winds of 9-11 grades and gusts of 12-13 grades in parts of the coastal areas of Guangdong and the northern South China Sea, and the winds near the "Little Dog" center will be 12-14 grades.

　　Precipitation forecast:From 14: 00 on the 8th to 14: 00 on the 9th, there will be heavy rain and local heavy rain (100-200mm) near the southern coast of Fujian, the central and eastern coast of Guangdong and the Pearl River Estuary.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Beijing News Shell Finance News (Reporter Wang Linlin) On January 25th, the Beijing News Shell Finance reporter learned from the official of BMW Group that the new BMW 5 Series was officially listed in the China market, and the new BMW 5 Series was launched with oil and electricity, namely the new BMW 5 Series long wheelbase version, the new BMW 5 Series standard wheelbase version, the innovative pure electric BMW i5 long wheelbase version and the innovative pure electric BMW i5. At the same time, the new BMW 5 Series offers luxury and M sports suits, and a total of 12 models are released. The official guide price is 439,900-639,900 yuan.

BMW i5。 Figure/car company official website

Gao Xiang, President and CEO of BMW Group Greater China, said that with the listing of BMW i5, the number of pure electric products provided by BMW brand to customers in China has increased to seven, and the pure electric products of BMW Group cover almost all major market segments. It is reported that the BMW i5 is equipped with the fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric drive system.

In addition, the new BMW 5 Series long wheelbase, which is specially built for the China market, not only lengthens the wheelbase, but also adds unique styling and color matching, exclusive equipment and localized digital applications, and introduces the WeChat car version. In addition, the BMW Group said that the new BMW 5 Series long wheelbase version has the technical ability to expand to L3 automatic driving.

Editor Xu Chao

Proofread yang xuli