The "universal bags" of different brands in New Taipei City use snacks and toilet paper packaging bags, and combine three functions of packaging, shopping bags and garbage bags.

　　(Provided by New Taipei Environmental Protection Bureau)

　　(Provided by Taipei Environmental Protection Bureau)

　　Kaohsiung plans to try out the garbage collection with bags in industrial areas before the end of the year. If the response is good, it will be gradually extended to other areas.

　　(Provided by Kaohsiung Environmental Protection Bureau)

　　Garbage charges are aimed at municipal solid waste to compensate the cost of waste collection and treatment, and at the same time encourage the reduction of waste production, reflecting the polluter pays principle. How to collect and how much to collect need to consider all aspects. Before 2000, Taiwan Province adopted the method of collecting water charges. The more water is used, the more garbage fees will be paid. Since then, it has been implemented in some counties and cities by measuring the quantity and collecting with bags (designated garbage bags must be purchased in advance, and forged garbage bags will be punished).

　　According to Taiwan media reports, both Taipei and New Taipei have been collecting garbage fees with bags for many years, but when the measure was first introduced, it encountered strong opposition. Nowadays, it is gratifying to see that the amount of garbage has been greatly reduced by 50% to 60% and the amount of resources recovered has increased by 50%, which can be described as remarkable results. Not only that, the garbage charge is much lower than before. It seems to be an ideal scheme for environmental protection, but some counties and cities have not been on the road so far. What are the reasons behind it?

　　The amount of garbage decreased and the recovery rate increased greatly.

　　Lu Shichang, deputy director of the Taipei Environmental Protection Bureau, said that since July 2000, Taipei has fully implemented the garbage fee with bags, encouraged people to do garbage sorting, and persuaded and punished uncooperative people or businesses by randomly breaking bags. Before the move was launched, officials were sent to various districts to hold symposiums, and almost all the mayors opposed it. However, at the insistence of then Mayor Ma Ying-jeou, the bag-based levy was implemented as scheduled, and it was finally accepted by the public under the condition that it could not be more expensive than the water fee.

　　Lu Shichang said that at the beginning, I was worried that Taipei citizens would throw garbage into neighboring counties and cities. The police station and environmental protection personnel even stood by the Lianwai Bridge to check vehicles on the first day of the implementation of the measures. Unexpectedly, the utilization rate of special garbage bags was as high as 97% on the first day, and the recycling rate of recyclable garbage also reached 58% from 2.3% now.

　　Because of the successful precedent of Taipei City, New Taipei City also started a pilot project from Shenkeng Township with a relatively small population at that time in 2008, and gradually extended to the metropolitan areas such as Shijie, Yingge, Woods and Banqiao, and was fully implemented after being upgraded to a municipality directly under the Central Government in 2010. The amount of garbage has also decreased from 2,497 tons per day in 2008 to 1,360 tons per day by the end of 2016, with a drop of 45%, and the recovery rate has also increased from 30% to 53% in 2016.

　　There is a gap between urban and rural areas and the promotion is inconsistent

　　Liu Minglong, director of the Taipei Environmental Protection Bureau, shared his experience that the number of special garbage bags should be sufficient for the public to obtain easily, and the needs of households and enterprises should be taken into account, and seven specifications, ranging from 3 liters to 120 liters, should be provided. Sun Zhongwei, chief of recycling resources of the New Taipei Environmental Protection Bureau, said, "Collecting with water means using more water and paying more (garbage fee); The collection with the bag is how much to throw and how much to pay. "Let the people realize that the bags (fees) thrown out are all garbage removal fees.

　　Li Xianwei, director of environmental protection of Tainan City, said that after the implementation of Taipei City and New Taipei City, they did not push south. The most important problem was the gap between finance and urban and rural areas. The Taipei municipal government heavily subsidizes the cost of garbage bags, but Tainan is financially embarrassed. If it cannot be subsidized like Taipei, the price will be at least twice that of Taipei. Cai Mengyu, director of environmental protection in Kaohsiung City, said that it is necessary to consider whether citizens can afford to buy garbage bags and where people in rural areas can buy them. We can’t just follow the example of Taipei metropolitan area. Shen Zhixiu, director of environmental protection of Taoyuan City, also said that it is difficult to implement in many remote areas of Taoyuan.

　　Bai Zhirong, director of environmental protection in Taichung City, said that it is necessary to carefully evaluate and complete the package, and it also takes time for the people to develop habits and not to implement it rashly. Bai Zhirong said that the implementation of the bag levy will increase the number of inspectors, and the kitchen surplus will increase. It is also necessary to set up treatment facilities and invest a lot of money in the initial stage.

　　The whole people collect garbage for free.

　　Liu Heran, director of the environmental protection department of New Taipei City, said that at the beginning of the implementation of the garbage collection with bags, people were really worried about littering. However, through the establishment of gold collection (resource recycling) stations, recycling materials for special bags and other policies, the concept of "all people do capital collection, garbage collection for free" and strengthening inspection and other supporting facilities can be effectively implemented.

　　"The gap between urban and rural areas is indeed an important factor affecting the implementation of garbage collection with bags," Liu Heran said. In line with the implementation of garbage collection with bags, Xinbei immediately implemented a gold collection station to encourage people to sort out their own or clean-up resources and send them to Lizhong strong collection point for special garbage bags. Taking feedback as a starting point and changing people’s concept of recycling, there are now 310 gold collection stations in New Taipei City, which makes it more convenient to obtain special garbage bags. In addition, 70% of the gold collection station will be used as the public welfare fund inside the city, and the special funds will be used to strengthen the construction inside the city, clean the environment, recycle resources and take care of the society.

　　Liu Heran said that in the past, garbage fees were levied with water charges, which could not reflect the amount of people’s use, and most people deducted money from bank accounts, and there was no feeling at all. By collecting the garbage fee with the bag, how much to use and how much to pay, and the average annual cost falls around 383 yuan (NTD, the same below), compared with the annual water fee of 1107 yuan per household, it also saves money for the people.

　　Supporting facilities must be strengthened to ensure that they are on the road quickly.

　　Shigang District of Taichung City has implemented the garbage disposal fee with bags since 2000. Compared with before the implementation, the daily garbage removal per person has dropped to 0.28 kg, a decrease of more than 60%. However, Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau found that it is easy to litter with bags, resulting in messy spots. If it is to be implemented in the whole city, it is necessary to strengthen the propaganda of waste reduction, and discuss and formulate autonomous regulations and budget coordination. These three supporting measures are in place, and the collection with bags can be carried out quickly.

　　Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau said that if the bag collection is implemented, based on the experience of Taipei City and New Taipei City, based on the concept of sustainability, waste reduction, extending the service life of landfill sites and relieving the surplus of incineration plants, there will be substantial benefits. However, after the change of the collection method, it may affect people’s existing living habits, so it is necessary to strengthen publicity to prevent people from misunderstanding and resisting the extra garbage fee. At that time, it will be necessary to increase recycling publicity and other work.

　　Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau said that after the implementation of bag collection, it is estimated that the kitchen surplus may increase by more than 30,000 tons per year. The municipal government has made preparations in advance to properly handle the sudden increase in kitchen waste, activate the Waipu District composting plant that has been shut down since October 2008, and plan to transform into a green energy ecological park. It is expected that the trial operation will be carried out in May 2018, and new international environmental protection technologies will be introduced to increase the material and energy handling capacity of kitchen waste to 200 tons per day.

　　CCTV News:According to the Ministry of Finance,In September, the national lottery sales totaled 52.774 billion yuan, an increase of 19.442 billion yuan or 58.3%. Among them, the sales of welfare lottery institutions was 18.213 billion yuan, an increase of 5.894 billion yuan, an increase of 47.9%; The sales of sports lottery institutions reached 34.561 billion yuan, up 13.548 billion yuan or 64.5% year-on-year. Mainly due to the increase of major events such as the Asian Games, the listing of new instant lottery tickets, the expansion of new channels and other factors, lottery sales increased rapidly compared with the same period of last year.

　　From January to September, the national lottery sales totaled 428.535 billion yuan, an increase of 147.294 billion yuan or 52.4%. Among them, the sales of welfare lottery institutions was 144.539 billion yuan, an increase of 32.307 billion yuan, an increase of 28.8%; The sales of sports lottery institutions reached 283.996 billion yuan, an increase of 114.987 billion yuan or 68.0%.

　　In September, compared with the same period of last year, lottery sales in all provinces in China increased, among which Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong increased more, increasing by 2.030 billion yuan, 1.654 billion yuan, 1.566 billion yuan and 1.238 billion yuan respectively.

　　From January to September, compared with the same period of last year, lottery sales in all provinces in China increased, with Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong increasing by 13.720 billion yuan, 13.706 billion yuan, 12.255 billion yuan and 10.516 billion yuan respectively.

　　Sina Auto News On October 17, 2019, Guangzhou Automobile New Energy Aion LX was officially listed. The new car is a medium and large SUV built by GAC New Energy based on the second-generation pure electric platform, which has a comprehensive endurance of 650km and supports L3 autonomous driving technology. The new car has launched five models at a price of 249.6-349.6 million yuan.

　　1, the second generation of pure point platform, the latest family design language.

　　2. The interior adopts a large curved screen with rich configuration, which supports L3-level automatic driving.

　　3, pure battery life of 650km, the four-wheel drive version of the car has the ability to break 100 in 3.9 seconds.

　　In terms of appearance, Aion LX continues the Aion family’s "cloud arrow" design language, and the front face shape is particularly sharp and fierce. The headlight design is similar to Aion S, but the overall shape is more exaggerated, creating a more elegant feeling.

　　Aion LX has a body size of 4786*1935*1685mm and a wheelbase of 2920 mm. The overall shape of the new car side is simple, and the waistline extends from the upper side of the front wheel arch to the taillights. With the suspended roof design, the car side looks dynamic and powerful.

　　The design of the rear of the car is more rounded and solid than the front of the car, and the overall layering is good. The taillights are designed through, and the three-dimensional interior design is exquisite, and the visual effect is good after lighting.

　　The interior of the new car is wrapped in a large area of leather material, and the overall design has a strong sense of luxury. The design of the center console area is smooth and layered, and the LCD instrument and the central control panel are connected by a curved surface screen, which adds a strong sense of science and technology to the interior. In addition, the handlebar of the new car adopts automatic lifting design, which will also rise and fall when the vehicle starts and stops, which is very ceremonial.

　　In addition, the new car is also equipped with ADiGO intelligent IOT system and automatic driving system. In terms of space, if the upgrade kit is installed in the rear seat of the new car, there will be an electric leg-dragging design, which can make passengers get a better ride experience with the boss key on one side of the seat. In addition, the rear seats also support manual angle adjustment and proportional tilting.

　　In terms of power, Aion LX is equipped with front and rear dual high-performance electric four-wheel drive systems, with a comprehensive maximum power of 300 kW, a maximum torque of 700 Nm, and an acceleration time of only 3.9 seconds per 100 km. In addition, the car will also launch a two-wheel drive version with a maximum power of 150 kW and a maximum torque of 350 Nm. As for the battery, it will be equipped with ternary lithium battery with energy density of 180Wh/kg provided by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and the comprehensive cruising range of NEDC is 650 kilometers.

　　BYD Tang New Energy is one of the most powerful players in this class, and its family includes a variety of power models. In the EV pure electric version, the maximum cruising range of Tang EV60 model is 500km, and it is also rich in configuration, including a distinctive rotating central control large screen. In addition, the space capacity of the car also has good strength.

　　Weilai ES6 is the second model of Weilai, and the brand is also a representative enterprise in the new force of making cars. ES6 has a maximum endurance of 510km and an acceleration of 4.7 seconds per 100 km. It is a relatively good product in terms of performance. NOMI in-vehicle artificial intelligence system can be regarded as a distinctive product strength of Weilai, but compared with Aion LX, it may be slightly inferior in price and brand reputation.

　　Summary: Aion LX inherits the consistent high-quality workmanship and leading scientific and technological level of GAC New Energy, and can give a good impression after the first contact and create a certain sense of luxury. The biggest highlight of Aion LX lies in its long endurance of 650km, and its amazing acceleration of 3.9 seconds. As a domestic pure electric product, it can be regarded as a player in the front row team with such configuration, workmanship and performance.

The Double Eleven Shopping Carnival in 2023 is coming soon! E-commerce giants such as Tmall, Taobao and JD.COM have prepared a series of colorful activities and great value offers to welcome this annual feast. On this special day, let’s loosen our wallets and enjoy shopping! If you still don’t know how to start, let’s take a look at it with Xiaobian!

First, Tmall Taobao Double Eleven activities

1. Excellent red envelopes

Super Red Collection Time: 20: 00: 00 on October 24th-23:59:50 on November 11th.

Write-off time of super red: November 1-3, November 11.

Super Red Plus Time: October 26th, 29th and 31st, November 5th, 6th and 8th.

How to get a better red envelope 1: Open the mobile phone Taobao search [660] to get a better red envelope of 1111.

How to get a better red envelope 2: 9 $ rwngwyma 7xw $://mf3084 (copy the password and open the mobile phone Taobao to get a better red envelope with a larger face value of 23888).

The red envelope with excellent platform is universal for the whole platform, and it can be collected every day. Is the red envelope with a height of 23888 not fragrant?

Of course, compared with other rights and interests, red envelopes are a simpler way to save money. They only need to be collected every day, which is 23,888 yuan higher, and there will be a lot of large red envelopes to be collected. Even if you are unlucky enough to get a few cents, you can save a lot of money by collecting them together every day.

2. Pre-sale gameplay

The pre-sale game here is not to let everyone directly place an order to buy pre-sale goods, but to participate in this pre-sale game before buying pre-sale goods, and get red envelopes and other benefits by doing tasks. Everyone can get 16 yuan red envelopes, and at the same time, they can get the benefits of free deposit and the right to empty the shopping cart.

Pre-sale venue entrance: 2$VOlmWYjWllO$:// CZ6135 (copy the password and open the mobile phone Taobao to enter the venue)

Sky welfare from 1 yuan: 4$7LPyW12kdut$:// MU5183 (copied to mobile phone Taobao for collection)

Pre-sale deposit can be reduced: 0$rcoMW12PcTf$:// HU7177 (copied to mobile phone Taobao for collection)

Each venue has different preferential activities, and it is recommended that all partners participate. You can get a lottery ticket for every five items you buy at the pre-sale venue. The lottery ticket is used to grab the prize of emptying the shopping cart with a value of 49,999 yuan. You just need to do more tasks and get the lottery ticket.

3. Cross-store full reduction

Cross-store full reduction is no stranger to everyone. After all, there will be double eleven every year, which is also a sharp weapon to save money. For consumers, this is a certain money-saving benefit. As long as everyone meets the threshold of 300 yuan, it can be reduced. Tmall is reduced by 50 yuan for every 300, and Taobao is reduced by 30 for every 200, which is very strong. Moreover, more than this one can save money. Cross-store full reduction can also be superimposed with coupons, red envelopes, store full reduction, brand group coupons, etc., so that the price can be obtained.

4. Do the task and divide up 1 billion.

For consumers, saving money is the last word. You can divide the red envelope by doing tasks. The total prize pool is still very large, and the gameplay is very simple. Generally, you can browse tasks and share tasks. In addition, there will be single-person tasks and team tasks, so you can participate according to your own preferences. If you take a few minutes to participate every day, then it is no problem to finally divide dozens of dollars.

5. limited time purchase

Time-limited and time-limited purchases will also be played every time. After all, at the beginning of the event, the traffic is very large, and the merchants want to get more traffic, so they will set up drainage goods with very low prices. These goods themselves will not make money or even lose money, but everyone can grab this kind of goods, which is particularly cheap and very in place. It is recommended to participate. Generally, goods that are limited for a few minutes can be grabbed, but limited suggestions are not to be grabbed, which is difficult to grab.

6. Other red envelope activities

A. red envelope guessing (new)

On October 25th, 30th, November 6th and 9th, guess the numbers to win the red envelope, and you will get a large red envelope.

B. Winning red envelopes by answering questions (new)

On October 27th, November 7th and 8th, you will win a red envelope by answering questions, and you will get a large red envelope if you answer correctly.

C. Save energy to get a red envelope

From 20: 00 on October 24 th to November 11 th, the full-cycle activities save energy to do tasks, and the 30 yuan red envelope is relatively high

On November 2, 7 and November 10, the energy value doubled, and the number of times was increased irregularly.

D. surprise red envelopes

The published time is October 26th, October 31st at 20 o’clock, November 5th and 11th.

E. Red envelope plus code day

More excellent red envelope plus code days: October 29th, October 31st, November 2nd and 6th.

Second, JD.COM double eleven gameplay

1. Pre-sale

Like Tmall’s pre-sale, the deposit is paid first, and then the final payment is paid. However, this time, JD.COM started the pre-sale on October 23rd ahead of Tmall.

2. Cross-store full reduction

The JD.COM will launch a double-stall promotion activity on November 11, 2008: every 299 yuan, 50 yuan will be reduced, and the discount will be capped at 40,000 yuan. All categories can participate in the reduction of 50 yuan every 1000 yuan, and the discount will be capped at 40,000 yuan. Some categories can participate in the same product and can only participate in one promotion, but it is supported to be superimposed with limited category coupons and store coupons.

3. Enjoy the red envelope in Beijing:

The collection time of JD.COM red envelopes is from October 23rd to November 11th. You can collect them in the following way.

JD.COM app searches for [red envelope to hand 370] to receive 1111 red envelopes (numbers should be brought).

There are three opportunities every day, at 20 o’clock on October 23 and at 0 o’clock on November 4, you must squat, and usually you will get a big red envelope. If you go to bed late, open it at 0 o’clock every day, with a high probability of cash, and the amount is large.

In the process of shopping, remember to spend rationally and avoid blind consumption and waste. Make a good budget and shopping list in advance, grasp the preferential opportunity, and choose the favorite goods, so as to get a special shopping experience. I believe that through this strategy, you have mastered the methods and skills of how to get a big discount in Double Eleven. May you find the most suitable products and enjoy a pleasant shopping experience in this shopping carnival!

(promotion)

　　Member Mo Rong: Insist on putting the employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates in an important position, and vigorously implement the employment promotion, entrepreneurship guidance and grassroots growth plan.

　　Deputy Qiao Jin Shuangmei: Vigorously carry out vocational skills training for migrant workers, improve the pertinence of training, and make them better adapt to the needs of social development.

　　Deputy Zhang Hongxing: We will further optimize the entrepreneurial environment, release the reform dividend, minimize the cost of entrepreneurship and improve the success rate of entrepreneurship.

　　Deputy Xing Qingsong: Increase the support of credit policies, improve the access conditions of rural banks, and lower the threshold for entrepreneurial innovation loans.

　　Employment is the biggest livelihood. Over the past five years, more than 66 million people have been newly employed in cities and towns in China, and a large country with a population of more than 1.3 billion has achieved relatively full employment. The government work report puts forward that efforts should be made to promote employment and entrepreneurship, so that fairer and fuller employment will become a prominent highlight of China’s development. In the face of new changes and challenges, how to achieve high-quality employment and enhance people’s sense of gain and happiness has become one of the focuses of deputies.

　　We should focus on solving the problem of total employment and structural contradictions.

　　More than 11 million new jobs have been created in cities and towns, the urban survey unemployment rate is within 5.5%, and the urban registered unemployment rate is within 4.5% — — This is one of the main expected goals of China’s development this year.

　　"I believe that this expected goal can be achieved." Deputy Zhang Hongxing, Mayor of Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, said that the economic indicators are stable and the reform dividend is continuously released, which has consolidated the employment foundation and expanded the employment space; China has implemented the employment priority strategy and active employment policy, and the effect of promoting employment is constantly emerging. At the same time, "internet plus" promotes innovative development such as platform economy, crowdsourcing economy and sharing economy, and also drives many jobs.

　　"In Fuzhou, about 30% of newly employed people are engaged in ‘ Internet plus & rsquo; Work in this area. " Zhang Hongxing said.

　　The employment situation is expected to remain stable, but the challenge of achieving high-quality employment is not small. Deputies believe that the key point is to solve the problem of total employment and structural contradictions.

　　"At present and in the future, China’s working-age population will remain above 900 million. This year, the labor supply will remain at a high level, with more than 15 million newly growing laborers needing employment in cities and towns. The structural contradiction of employment is prominent, and it is difficult to recruit workers and find employment. The quality of workers does not match the market demand, and the contradiction of shortage of technical and skilled personnel is increasing, making it difficult for older and low-skilled workers to find employment. At the same time, technological progress and structural adjustment are increasingly challenging employment. " Member Mo Rong, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security, said.

　　Grasp the employment and entrepreneurship of key groups such as college graduates and migrant workers.

　　There will be more than 8.2 million college graduates this year, a record high. "A large number of graduates are employed. The biggest challenge is that the structure is not reasonable and does not match the market demand, resulting in a mismatch between supply and demand. Solving structural contradictions is more difficult and takes longer than solving total contradictions. " Mo Rong suggested that the employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates should be placed in an important position, and employment promotion, entrepreneurship leadership and grassroots growth plans should be vigorously implemented; Strengthen the statistics and forecast of talent demand, guide and deepen the reform of higher education, and improve the matching degree between talent training and market demand in colleges and universities.

　　The deputies believe that it is necessary to speed up the construction of a long-term mechanism to guide and encourage college graduates to work at the grassroots level, such as developing grassroots posts through multiple channels and improving the smooth flow mechanism of grassroots talents, so as to ensure that college graduates can "get down, stay, do well and move".

　　How to continuously expand the employment of migrant workers? Deputy Qiao Jin Shuangmei, an embroiderer of Huajian Embroidery Professional Cooperative in Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Sichuan Province, suggested that the employment and entrepreneurship of migrant workers can be promoted by developing production and business entities such as "poverty alleviation workshops", small and micro-operation enterprises in the construction industry and farmers’ cooperatives. She said: "Since its establishment in 2015, our cooperative has driven 168 embroidered mothers around to achieve home employment. They used to be farmers, and many of them were poor households in mountainous areas. For example, the per capita income this year exceeded 8,000 yuan. "

　　"Since the end of 2015, I have led a team to go to the village to carry out compulsory training. At present, I have trained more than 960 people. Cooperatives are responsible for repurchasing semi-finished products made during training. Many Yi women walked out of the farmland courtyard, walked into the Yi embroidery production workshop, and found jobs at home. " Qiao Jin Shuangmei suggested that it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. We should vigorously carry out vocational skills training for migrant workers, improve the pertinence of training, and make them better adapt to the needs of social development.

　　Continue to stimulate entrepreneurial enthusiasm and give play to the multiplier effect of entrepreneurship driving employment.

　　Entrepreneurship is an inexhaustible source to promote employment. The deputies believe that entrepreneurship has caught up with a good time and shown great vitality and potential for development. It is necessary to encourage entrepreneurship to drive employment, implement a new policy of supporting migrant workers and other personnel to return to their hometowns to start businesses, and continue to stimulate entrepreneurial enthusiasm.

　　"Entrepreneurship has a multiplier effect on employment, and one person’s entrepreneurship can drive several individuals to obtain employment. With ‘ Streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services ’ The reform is deepening, the threshold for entrepreneurship is getting lower and lower, and the entrepreneurial group is getting bigger and bigger. " Zhang Hongxing suggested further optimizing the entrepreneurial environment, releasing the reform dividend, minimizing the cost of entrepreneurship and improving the success rate of entrepreneurship. "There are many good policies to encourage entrepreneurship from the central government to the local government. Now the key is to do a good job of implementation and let the policies benefit every entrepreneur."

　　"Rural entrepreneurship faces the real problem of lack of talents, and most young people are reluctant to return to the countryside. Young people who come back to start businesses generally face problems such as insufficient funds and difficult loans. " Deputy Xing Qingsong, chairman of Jiangsu Gucheng Lake Qingsong Aquatic Products Professional Cooperative Association, believes that credit policy support should be strengthened, access conditions for village banks should be improved, and the threshold for entrepreneurial innovation loans should be lowered while preventing financial risks.

　　"There is still a lack of a relatively complete entrepreneurial support system." Mo Rong suggested that the system of policies should be strengthened to meet the individual needs of entrepreneurs, and a multi-level policy system should be built to meet the diverse needs of entrepreneurial activities in different fields and at different stages of entrepreneurial activities.

　　The deputies also believe that while encouraging entrepreneurship to promote employment, we should further improve the employment and social security system that adapts to the characteristics of the new employment pattern, so that every worker has a head start and hope.

Text |Owl technology　Jeff

On June 21st, Ruilan Automobile, a subsidiary of Geely Automobile, announced its entry into the new energy exchange circuit. Four days later, at the Chongqing Auto Show, Ruilan Automobile brought three battery-changing models under the GBRC crystal structure-Ruilan 7 (concept car), Ruilan 9 and 80V PRO.

In addition to Ruilan Automobile, in early 2022, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, a power battery giant, also announced its entry into the power exchange industry and released the power exchange service brand EVOGO.

The entry of two major players has ignited the enthusiasm of domestic power exchange enterprises, and has formed a "four-legged" market structure of energy central enterprises (State Grid), vehicle enterprises (Geely, Weilai, BAIC), battery manufacturers (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited) and third-party operators.

However, in the face of the sudden fire-changing track, some people questioned the cold water: Is it really a good business to change electricity? Aren’t the lessons of the past unforgettable enough?

In 2022, when BMW was interviewed by the German media European Automotive Weekly, it was rare to "pour cold water" on the power exchange technology, thinking that the power exchange technology route was a waste of time, and BMW pursued solid-state battery technology.

These doubts are not unreasonable. In fact, the power exchange industry has stumbled for more than ten years, and it has not become a climate, and it has not run out of an industry giant. However, when concepts, capital, technology and policies come together, no one dares to say that there is no "pig" on the cusp.

With the industrial opportunities created by the times, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited in 2021 and BYD in 2022 will take off strongly. How do you know that the power exchange industry can’t rise as a new giant?

It’s hot at the power exchange track.

I don’t know if anyone has noticed that there are two details worth pondering behind the launch of EVOGO, a brand of power exchange service in Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and Ruilan Automobile by Geely Automobile:

First, in January 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission and other seven departments jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Promoting Green Consumption", clearly strengthening the construction of supporting infrastructure such as charging and replacing electricity, and promoting the pilot work of the application of new energy vehicle replacement mode.　

Second, in the motion of the two sessions in March 2022, Li Shufu, the chairman of Geely Holding, suggested to promote the standardization of battery packs, so that battery packs can be truly interchanged among different car companies, different power stations and different users.

Every decision of the bosses has a strong background of the times, and the times make heroes. When the power exchange ushered in the outbreak window with the help of policies, what the bosses had to do was to get on the bus quickly.

With the rapid increase in sales of new energy vehicles, one of their shortcomings is increasingly anxious about recharging, and many car owners spit and queue for hours, which is a serious waste of time.

Therefore, changing electricity has become an important supplementary means for new energy vehicles to replenish energy, which has attracted the attention of the state, government and enterprises.

At present, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has released 11 pilot cities for power exchange nationwide, and plans to promote more than 100,000 power exchange vehicles and build more than 1,000 new power exchange stations. A series of policies are also encouraging all localities to lay out power exchange stations.

In order to support the development of power exchange mode, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Beijing, Guangzhou, Guangxi, Chongqing, Dongguan and other places successively issued relevant policies in the field of new energy vehicle power exchange in 2022 to promote the construction of power exchange infrastructure.

With the policy orientation of power exchange mode gradually becoming clear, enterprises with a keen sense of smell are rapidly expanding their layout.

Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited launched EVOGO power exchange service brand in January, started the construction of power exchange station in Xiamen in April, and entered Hefei in June. By the end of 2022, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited plans to complete the operation of 30 and 20 express exchange stations in Fujian and Hefei respectively.

Ruilan Automobile, a subsidiary of Geely, aims to expand the power exchange market with Chongqing as the radius and the market demand for pure electric vehicles. However, according to its released plan, the layout of "300+" power station will be realized in 2022.

Guangzhou Automobile Aian, a subsidiary of Guangzhou Automobile Group, built the first super charging and replacing center in Guangzhou on April 21st. According to the plan, Guangzhou Automobile Aian will build over 1,000 super charging and replacing centers in Guangzhou in 2025.

According to another related report, by 2025, State Power Investment Corporation, Weilai, Sinopec, Geely Automobile and Aodong New Energy will plan to build 4,000, 4,000, 5,000, 5,000 and 10,000 power stations respectively, and GCL Nengke plans to build 5,000-6,000 power stations, totaling more than 33,000.

The power exchange mode may usher in the spring of development, and a huge power exchange network will be built quickly in the next few years. The battery-changing track is hot, and BYD, which is also hot, has also begun to lay out.

In March, Chongqing Xinjing Tengfei Automobile Sales and Service Co., Ltd., which is indirectly wholly-owned by BYD Auto Industry Co., Ltd., was established, and its business scope includes the sales of new energy vehicles; Sales of new energy vehicle power exchange facilities; Charging pile sales and so on.

BYD’s move was speculated by the outside world as an intention to carry out the layout of the new energy vehicle power exchange project in Chongqing, taking the opportunity to enter the current power exchange track.

Driven by the policy, enterprises began to break down the cost pressure and capital pressure once placed in front of power exchange. However, standardization is a difficult problem to solve.

Battery pack standardization problem to be solved

Gasoline can be injected into the fuel tanks of different vehicles, but batteries can’t. Qin Lihong, president of Weilai Automobile, said in 2021 that the power station is open to all cars, but not all cars can be changed if they want to change at Weilai Power Station. Qin Lihong pointed out that it is a vehicle design problem that cannot be replaced.

Looking at it now, this is not a problem of vehicle design, but an issue of industry standardization. Because the battery pack standard is not uniform, the battery packs of different brands and models cannot be interchanged, which affects the expansion of power exchange scale and even makes it difficult to carry out large-scale commercial operation.

On June 13th, MG MULAN, a brand-new pure electric global car of SAIC MG, made its debut. The car was the first to be equipped with SAIC’s brand-new "Rubik’s Cube" battery (English name is "ONE PACK") and its supporting technical system. As a standardized power battery system, "Rubik’s Cube" battery is similar to the "Chocolate" power exchange module previously introduced by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, with the projected area of the battery fixed and the same as the external related connectors, except that the height of the battery pack is different, so that the power exchange can be easily realized.

However, the standardization of Rubik’s Cube battery is probably only the standardization of SAIC itself. Zhu Jun, deputy chief engineer of SAIC, once revealed that the vehicles using SAIC’s Rubik’s Cube battery technology now cover all mainstream brands and high-end brands of SAIC. The implication is that non-SAIC vehicles may not be able to change electricity.

As an early pioneer in the power exchange industry, Better Place finally died in the single-link business model (there are not enough car companies), and at the same time left a profound lesson for the latecomers: the power exchange model must pursue economies of scale in order to digest the high cost of the construction and operation of the power exchange station, and only the more models the power exchange service can be compatible with, will it be more conducive to achieving profitability.

In the end, the problems all point to standardization.

On March 18, 2022, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued "Key Points of Automobile Standardization in 2022", which proposed "speeding up the construction and improvement of the charging and replacing standard system for electric vehicles, and promoting the formulation of standards such as on-board battery replacement system, universal platform for battery replacement and battery replacement for pure electric vehicles".

The policy is easy to implement, but it is difficult to implement. Every car company has its own considerations when designing electric vehicles, so the battery system is very different. Many car companies often offer power exchange services only for their own cars.

Therefore, to realize the standardization of the power exchange industry requires the synergistic effect of car companies and battery manufacturers. However, many enterprises have their own worries, and it may not be so easy to unify them.

Is changing electricity a good business?

Many enterprises have already crossed the river of changing electricity and know the depth.

In 2009, at the annual meeting of Silicon Valley Index, Shai Agassi, an Israeli man, introduced his idea of changing electricity ambitiously. Better Place, the first generation of "concept of changing electricity" company he led, was a online celebrity company like Tesla, which became a global entrepreneurial project at that time, with a total investment of 850 million US dollars. Former Israeli President Shimon Perez was the platform, and Renault-Nissan Alliance was willing to produce the model for it.

When Xia Jiaxi, who is ambitious, carries out the road of electric vehicle operation in the mode of changing electricity around the world, China’s electric vehicle industry is just in the early stage of exploration, and changing electricity is one of them. So Better Place came to China naturally, and signed a contract with China Southern Power Grid in 2011 to build a power exchange experience center in Guangzhou.

At the beginning of May, 2013, Xia Jiaxi visited China with the then Israeli President and enjoyed the infinite scenery. However, just 20 days later, Better Place declared bankruptcy at the end of May of that year because of the difficult balance of investment returns. The second power exchange station in China market also fell into the sea.

At the same time as Better Place, some domestic enterprises were exploring the power exchange industry, but the "Development Plan of Energy Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry (2012-2020)" released in 2012 no longer mentioned the power exchange mode, and established charging as the main energy supply path. Since then, power exchange has entered a dormant stage.

In 2013, a large number of domestic enterprises exploring the mode of power exchange went bankrupt, and the State Grid also adjusted its strategy to stop implementing power exchange. The capital market began to shift more investment to the charging mode, so the charging mode began to triumph. In 2014, the current charging giants TELD and Star Charging were born.

During the dormant period of power exchange, Weilai automobile was ushered in. Prior to this, power exchange was aimed at buses, taxis, network agreements, logistics and other operating vehicles, which belonged to a 2B mode, because it was easier to form scale effect, but Weilai pushed the power exchange mode to the private consumption field.

Self-built power exchange system, production and manufacture of their own cars, so that Weilai bears a huge cost pressure. However, such a move also allows Weilai car owners to enjoy the exclusive power exchange service, thus building an exclusive moat for Weilai.

It is worth mentioning that Weilai is not the first automobile manufacturer to try to change power. Before that, Tesla took over the power change mantle after the bankruptcy of Better Place and released a power change plan for Model S. However, the savvy Musk just gave up decisively after a show and embarked on the road of charging without hesitation.

In the past, changing electricity was not a good business. At present, the tide of automobile electrification is surging, the sales of electric vehicles are increasing day by day, the scale of the power exchange market is beginning to take shape, the cost is also dropping sharply, and the policy orientation is clear and clear.

The power exchange is undoubtedly standing on the tuyere. Don’t forget the famous saying left by Lei Jun, who is currently leading Xiaomi to build a car: As long as you stand at the tuyere, pigs can fly.

1905 movie network news The sci-fi love movie, which was written and directed by, starring, starring, and Yan Nan, especially starring Chen Chuang, Zhao Tianai, Zhao Ziqi, Yang Jiulang and Qian Cheng, was successfully completed and the first concept poster and stills were exposed. It is reported that the film has entered the post-production stage and will meet the audience as soon as possible.

In the concept posters and stills of this exposure, the retro and sci-fi atmosphere is full of stories. The poster takes the retro pixel style as the creative theme, and integrates the present thinking of reality with the imagination of the future. The touch between retro and future, the interaction between reality and virtual, the loneliness of individuals and the alienation between groups are faintly revealed in the concept poster, which arouses the audience’s infinite reverie. Faced with a world full of unknowns, how will they start this adventure of recognizing the truth of the world? Can’t help but make people curious about this sci-fi love movie with different styles and want to find out.

Retro pixel wind concept poster eye-catching

Wang Yuan Wen Qi Deduces True Love in Virtual Reality

After the first stills of the Valentine’s Day movie, Roy and Vicky Chen stood side by side at the intersection under the neon lights of night arrival, and the relationship between them has begun to take shape. The film tells the story of the maverick Azhi (Roy) who thinks that he is living in virtual reality and that he is the only real person in the program. He has been looking for evidence that "this world is a virtual world" and trying to find a way to the "real" world, until he meets the eccentric Xiaoyi (Vicky Chen). He believes that she is another real person in the world, so he even gave up the idea of seeking the truth. From meeting two strangers to knowing each other, the originally illusory and empty life is so real and romantic at this time. Can this relationship convince Ah Zhi to stay? Or, is Xiaoyi willing to follow him to leave? And what is the outside world like? The fascinating story is expected.

Recently, it coincides with "white day", and then the film released the first concept poster. "Pixel" is the most basic unit of an image. All the detailed elements in the poster appear in the form of pixel squares with a distinct outline, which seems to symbolize that all the pictures we see in front of us are drawn by "pixels", or to imply that the real world we are in is also composed of "pixels", and the future science fiction is full of meaning. The deep LCD dot matrix screen is like a black night sky that wraps them. The image of the girl "mosaic" is like a mysterious void behind the teenager. Is she an enemy or a friend? The teenager dressed in red and white clothes is located in the center of the picture, which seems to bring light and hope to the closed dark space. When truth and illusion, love and true feelings are uploaded into the "cloud" together, the words "You are not here" mapped on both sides of the characters gradually become clear, creating a romantic "different-dimensional" space that is particularly rooted in reality and detached from life for the film, which is particularly eye-catching … …

Script creation has been favored by both inside and outside the industry.

Powerful actors are expected to join in

It is worth mentioning that the film’s cast not only attracted a generation of young actors from Roy and Vicky Chen, but also a group of powerful actors who were recognized by the audience for their superb acting skills, such as Zhang Songwen and Chen Chuang. The behind-the-scenes creations of the film are also star-studded. Photography director Lu Yifan, production designer Xu Guiting, action director An Bo, editing director Wenbers Li Tung-Chuen, sound director Jiang Jianqiang, special effects director Tang Guofeng and modeling director Liang Jianger have participated in the shooting and other excellent films. Not only that, this film won the fourth Pingyao International Film Festival Venture Capital Award: "Mo Mo Qing Yun Script Award" and the 33rd Golden Rooster Film Venture Capital Conference "Light of Art" during the script creation period, which attracted much attention from both inside and outside the industry. The recognition of authority and the scarcity of themes also made the film more topical and discussed. I believe this film will bring special surprises to Chinese film circles and audiences.

The stills released at the same time further show the relationship between the two protagonists. Azhi’s beard, played by Roy, has not been shaved for a long time. Before sitting on the case with a magnifying glass in his hand, he looks up at the wall thoughtfully and seems to be looking for something; The little one, played by Vicky Chen, hugs the pet and suddenly looks back at the toolbar full of walls. In the same box of the two, Xiaoyi smiles at Ah Zhi in bright clothes, while Ah Zhi bows his head and looks dignified and preoccupied. Where is he? And where is she? Is everything in front of him a reality that has already happened or is it just a fantasy in his mind? Is Primary One an NPC in a virtual game or a perfect couples in real life? In the face of the unknown world, there are more truths to be proved and more questions to be answered … …

The movie "I see two identical clouds" was finished at the end of February, and now it has entered the post-production stage, so please look forward to it!

The original Xiaobu Medical Breathing Channel is included in the topic # Breathing Guide Interpretation of 6 Contents.

* For medical professionals only.

The latest expert consensus on clinical application of nasal high-flow oxygen therapy for emergency adults, an analysis!

Respiratory doctors should be familiar with nasal high-flow humidified oxygen therapy (HFNC). Since it was applied in mainland China in 2014, HFNC has been rapidly promoted and popularized in recent years, and its clinical effect is obvious to all.

Compared with traditional oxygen therapy (COT), noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) and invasive positive pressure ventilation, HFNC has its unique advantages and certain limitations. In February, 2019, the Respiratory Critical Care Medicine Group of the Respiratory Branch of the Chinese Medical Association released the Expert Consensus on the Application of Clinical Norms of High-flow Humidified Oxygen Therapy for Adults (hereinafter referred to as the "Expert Consensus of 2019 Edition"), which gave everyone a comprehensive understanding of HFNC.

With the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic, HFNC has also played an important role in the treatment of severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the Respiratory Therapy Group of the Respiratory Branch of the Chinese Medical Association issued the Expert Consensus on the Use and Management of Nasal High-flux Oxygen Therapy for Patients in novel coronavirus [2] (hereinafter referred to as the Expert Consensus in 2020), which provided guidance for the use of HFNC in patients in COVID-19.

Of course, the clinical application of HFNC is not limited to respiratory patients, and any patient who needs aerobic treatment has potential indications for HFNC. Recently, the Emergency Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association issued the Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Nasal High-flux Oxygen Therapy for Emergency Adults [3] (hereinafter referred to as the Expert Consensus in 2021), focusing on the application of HFNC in emergency environment.

The guide is so spicy that I can’t read it. Today, the author will summarize and summarize the essence of these three guidelines, and show you what is unique about HFNC and how to use it in patients and emergency environment in COVID-19.

Let’s cut to the chase.

one

Basic concepts and principles of HFNC

In fact, nasal high-flow humidified oxygen therapy (HFNC) is well understood, which is a kind of treatment that can provide patients with high-flow inhaled gas with adjustable and relatively constant oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity through nasal congestion.

Compared with COT, HFNC highlights two advantages: high flow rate and heating and humidification. The common nasal tube has a small diameter, so it is difficult to achieve relatively constant high flow rate and oxygen concentration. However, HFNC can achieve these goals at the same time through high flow rate nasal plug and heating and humidification device.

Figure 1 AIRVO2 HFNC

On this basis, HFNC can also achieve physiological effects similar to NPPV:

Positive End-expiratory Pressure (PEEP) effect: High-velocity gas can maintain a certain level of PEEP, which is beneficial to alveolar recruitment and qi-blood exchange at end-expiratory;

Physiological dead space scouring effect: high-velocity gas can also scour the gas left in the anatomically ineffective cavity of nasal cavity, oral cavity and pharynx at the end of expiration;

Maintain the function of mucociliary clearance system: relatively constant heating and humidifying gas can obviously reduce the dryness of nose, mouth and throat of patients, which is helpful to dilute sputum and expel phlegm;

Reduce the patient’s upper airway resistance and respiratory work: high-flow gas makes the patient not need to inhale hard, which can reduce the inspiratory resistance and reduce the patient’s respiratory work.

Of course, there are still some differences between HFNC and NPPV. The two oxygen therapy methods have their own advantages and are suitable for different patients and oxygen inhalation environments.

Table 1 Differences between HFNC and NPPV

2

Indications and contraindications of HFNC

As the saying goes, although something is good, it depends on whether it is useful or not. When to use it and when not to use it is a topic that everyone really cares about.

In fact, at present, there is no uniform standard for indications and contraindications of clinical application of HFNC. The indications of HFNC recommended by expert consensus in 2019 include:

Patients with mild or moderate hypoxemia (100 mmHg≤ PaO _ 2/fio _ 2 < 300 mmHg), no indication of emergency tracheal intubation and relatively stable vital signs;

Patients with mild ventilation dysfunction (pH≥7.3) can also be used cautiously, but they should be prepared to switch to NPPV or invasive positive pressure ventilation with tracheal intubation.

On this basis, the consensus of experts in the 2020 edition points out that it meets the diagnostic criteria of severe COVID-19 (respiratory distress, respiratory frequency ≥30 beats/min; At rest, oxygen saturation is ≤ 93%; Patients with PaO2/FiO2≤300mmHg) can consider using HFNC.

The 2021 edition of expert consensus did not specifically list the indications of HFNC, but recommended specific clinical scenarios:

Acute type I respiratory failure: using HFNC instead of COT to reduce the rate of tracheal intubation and the need for respiratory support upgrade; Patients who have received NPPV can try HFNC； under close monitoring if they are intolerant of NPPV.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with mild to moderate hypercapnia (pH > 7.25): HFNC can be used as one of the options for initial respiratory support; Patients who are intolerant of NPPV are advised to use HFNC；. HFNC； is not recommended for patients with pH < 7.25;

After extubation with mechanical ventilation: Patients who have been intubated for more than 24 hours and have high risk factors of respiratory failure after extubation should use HFNC instead of COT； after extubation; Patients with sequential NPPV after mechanical ventilation extubation should continue to use NPPV. If they are intolerant of NPPV, it is recommended to use HFNC；.

After surgery: High-risk and/or obese patients undergoing cardiac or thoracic surgery should use HFNC instead of COT immediately after surgery to reduce the need for re-intubation and respiratory support upgrade; Routine use of HFNC； is not recommended for patients after abdominal surgery.

Pre-oxygenation of tracheal intubation (providing oxygen to patients before tracheal intubation to maintain the stability of blood oxygen saturation during short-term asphyxia): HFNC； is not recommended for routine application during pre-oxygenation of tracheal intubation; Patients who have received HFNC before tracheal intubation can continue to use HFNC during preoxygenation and intubation.

Bronchoscopy: For patients without respiratory failure, HFNC should be used instead of COT to prevent hypoxemia during bronchoscopy; In patients with acute respiratory failure, HFNC can be used as a substitute for NPPV during bronchoscopy.

In addition, the 2021 edition of expert consensus also lists the application recommendations of HFNC in emergency special populations:

Immunosuppression: HFNC can be used as one of the initial oxygen therapy options for patients with immunosuppression complicated with acute type I respiratory failure. If patients who use NPPV are intolerant of NPPV, they can consider HFNC replacement therapy.

Heart failure: HFNC can be used as one of the initial oxygen therapy options for patients with heart failure, and patients who use NPPV can consider HFNC replacement therapy if they are intolerant;

Carbon monoxide poisoning: HFNC can be used as one of the initial oxygen therapy options for patients with mild carbon monoxide poisoning;

Palliative treatment: HFNC can be used as one of the initial oxygen therapy options for patients with palliative treatment, and patients with intolerance to NPPV can try HFNC.

Let’s talk about the contraindications of HFNC. In fact, the relevant contents of these three guides are similar. The contraindications mainly include:

Cardiac arrest;

Severe type I respiratory failure;

Moderate and severe respiratory acidosis hypercapnia (pH < 7.30);

Combined with multiple organ dysfunction.

three

Parameter setting of HFNC

After talking about indications and contraindications, let’s give you some dry goods and see how to set the parameters of HFNC. Compared with NPPV, HFNC needs to set fewer parameters, mainly including temperature, gas flow and oxygen concentration.

The setting range of temperature is generally 31~37℃, which is mainly adjusted according to the patient’s comfort and tolerance, and at the same time, a certain sputum viscosity is maintained, which makes the sputum easy to cough up.

The setting range of gas flow rate is generally 8-80L/min, and the highest oxygen concentration can reach 100%, which are mainly set according to the type of respiratory failure of patients:

Type I respiratory failure: the initial setting of gas flow rate is 30 ~ 40l/min; Titration of FIO _ 2 to maintain SpO2 _ 2 at 92%~96%, combined with dynamic adjustment of blood gas analysis, if the oxygenation target is not reached, the oxygen flow rate can be gradually increased to increase FIO _ 2 to 100% at the highest;

Type Ⅱ respiratory failure: the gas flow rate is initially set at 20~30 L/min, which is adjusted according to the patient’s tolerance and compliance. If CO2 retention is obvious, the flow rate can be set at 45~55 L/min or even higher, reaching the maximum flow rate that the patient can tolerate; Titrate FiO2 _ 2 to maintain the oxygen saturation (SpO2 _ 2) at 88%~92%, and dynamically adjust it with blood gas analysis.

To put it simply, the difference between type I respiratory failure and type II respiratory failure is that the former has no CO2 retention, and it is only necessary to adjust the oxygen concentration to achieve the oxygenation goal, while the latter has CO2 retention, so it is necessary to adjust the gas flow rate to achieve the goal of CO2 removal, and at the same time, it is necessary to adjust the oxygen concentration to maintain SpO2 in a relatively low constant range.

However, the use of HFNC does not mean that you can sit back and relax. It is necessary to closely monitor and identify patients who do not respond well to HFNC treatment as soon as possible to avoid delaying the upgrade of respiratory support and worsening the clinical prognosis. The consensus of experts in the 2021 edition points out that:

During the first 1-2 hours of HFNC, close observation should be made. If there are any failure prediction indicators (respiratory rate > 35 beats /min, SPO2≤88%, the ratio of SPO2/FiO2 to respiratory rate (ROX index) < 2.85, contradictory movements of chest and abdomen or use of auxiliary respiratory muscles, etc.), respiratory support should be upgraded in time (NPPV or invasive ventilation).

If the respiratory condition is still not improved after 48 hours of using HFNC, there are still any of the above predictors of failure, or the ROX index is gradually decreased, or the hemodynamics is unstable, it is regarded as a failure of HFNC treatment, and it is recommended to upgrade to invasive ventilation.

So when can the HFNC be removed? According to the consensus of experts in 2019, the parameters of HFNC will be gradually reduced after the primary disease is controlled. If the following criteria are met, the HFNC can be removed: inspiratory flow < ＜20L/min and fio2 < 30%.

On this basis, the 2021 edition of expert consensus recommended the specific process of evacuation of HFNC: during the evacuation of HFNC, it is suggested to reduce FiO2 first, and then reduce the gas flow rate. When the gas flow rate is reduced to 15L/min, stop using HFNC and change to COT.

Fig. 2 Flow chart of HFNC usage

The above are the essence of the three HFNC guides. If you are interested, please read the original text, which contains more exciting contents!

Tips at the end of the article: forward this article to more people in need ~

References:

[1] Group of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Working Committee of Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Expert consensus on the application of clinical norms of high-flow humidified oxygen therapy for adults [J]. Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Medicine, 2019,42(2):83-91.

[2] Ni Zhong, Qin Hao, Li Jie, et al. Expert consensus on the use and management of nasal high-flow oxygen therapy for novel coronavirus patients [J]. chinese journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2020,19(2):110-115.

[3] Emergency Physician Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Emergency Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association, China Emergency Medical Association, etc. Expert consensus on clinical application of nasal high-flow oxygen therapy for emergency adults [J]. chinese journal of critical care medicine, 2021,41(9):739-749.

This article starts: medical respiratory channel

Author: Xiao Bu

Editor in charge: Dai Dai Zhang Li

Copyright statement

Please contact authorization for the original reprint of this article.

– End –

Read the original text

On the first day of September, good news came from the Middle East.

On September 1st, Reuters reported that US President Joe Biden told reporters in Hobosbeach, Delaware that he was "still optimistic" about reaching a ceasefire agreement to end the conflict. "I think we are close to reaching an agreement," he said. "It’s time to end this war."

From today on, Gaza has ushered in a brief peace. According to the World Health Organization, the Israeli military and Hamas have agreed to divide the Gaza into three areas, each of which will suspend fighting for three days in order to vaccinate 640,000 children in Gaza with the first round of polio vaccine. Vaccination activities began on September 1st.

The humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza has rekindled hopes for the almost stalled Palestinian-Israeli ceasefire negotiations. The White House recently said that it hopes to make a breakthrough in reaching a ceasefire agreement, which is in line with the three-stage ceasefire negotiation plan announced by US President Biden at the end of May. US media reported that American and Israeli officials said that negotiations would continue in Cairo and Doha this week.

Biden has the latest statement on the ceasefire.

On September 1st, Reuters reported that US President Joe Biden told reporters in Hobosbeach, Delaware that he was "still optimistic" about reaching a ceasefire agreement to end the conflict.

"I think we are close to reaching an agreement," he said. "It’s time to end this war."

Biden added, "People are continuing to meet. We think we can reach an agreement, and they all agree with these principles. "

According to reports, Israel claimed that many bodies were found in the fighting in Gaza, and the Israeli military is conducting salvage and identification work on the bodies, which will take several hours.

This discovery means that some of the approximately 100 hostages still held there may have died.

Israel asked the public not to spread rumors about the identity of the body.

Biden said that his staff kept in touch with the Israelis and confirmed that they had found the body in Gaza. He wasn’t sure about the exact number of bodies. Biden added that he has no right to confirm the identity of the body at present.

Biden told reporters in Hobos Beach, Delaware: "There is a lot of speculation about who they are and their names. At present, I have no right to disclose this information before notifying the families of the deceased. "

Gaza’s Ministry of Health said in a statement on Saturday that since October 7 last year, Israeli military attacks on the Gaza have killed more than 40,000 Palestinians and injured about 94,000 others.

According to CCTV news client, on August 31st, local time, Israeli people and relatives of Israeli detainees held a large-scale protest in Tel Aviv, calling on the Israeli government to take immediate action to reach a ceasefire agreement with Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) and release Israeli detainees as soon as possible.

A rare temporary ceasefire

On August 31st, Global Times quoted Reuters as saying that pipper Cohen, the representative of the World Health Organization in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, issued a statement at the United Nations Headquarters on the 29th, saying that the Israeli military and Hamas had agreed to divide the Gaza into three areas, each of which would suspend fighting for three days, so as to vaccinate 640,000 Gaza children with the first round of polio vaccine.

According to the report, pipper Cohen said that the vaccination campaign will start on September 1st. According to the agreement, the Israeli army and Hamas will cease fire for three days in the central Gaza, then for three days in the southern Gaza and finally for three days in the northern Gaza.

He said that the two sides are welcome to "initially promise to implement a temporary humanitarian ceasefire in specific areas". "We need these humanitarian suspensions and hope that all parties can abide by this, otherwise it will be impossible to carry out vaccination activities."

Pipper Cohen also said that three days "may not be enough to achieve adequate vaccination", and vaccination activities in each region will be extended by one day if necessary.

Polio, which mainly affects children under 5 years old, can lead to irreversible paralysis and even death. It is highly contagious and cannot be cured. WHO says it can only be prevented by immunization.

According to CNN, Israeli officials said that Israel had agreed to start polio vaccination in Gaza from September 1st.

A US official told CNN that US Secretary of State Blinken urged Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to agree to a vaccination campaign in Gaza last week. Netanyahu agreed to cooperate with the United States on relevant details. However, the Israel Times quoted a source as saying on the 30th that the temporary ceasefire area does not include the area where the IDF is currently operating.

There are variables in ceasefire negotiations.

The humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza has rekindled hopes for the almost stalled Palestinian-Israeli ceasefire negotiations.

The White House recently said that it hopes to make a breakthrough in reaching a ceasefire agreement, which is in line with the three-stage ceasefire negotiation plan announced by US President Biden at the end of May.

The American Axios website reported on the 29th that American and Israeli officials said that negotiations would continue in Cairo and Doha this week. Although no breakthrough has been made in the negotiations, American officials said that they are encouraged that the negotiations can continue and have prevented the tension between Israel and Hezbollah or Iran from escalating.

However, judging from the latest situation, the short-term ceasefire may break down again at any time. On 30th, Israeli military operations continued in Gaza.

The Israeli military said on the 30th that in the past 24 hours, it attacked 30 targets in Gaza and "wiped out" dozens of habas militants. Reuters said that on the evening of 29th, Israeli troops attacked a car of the American Middle East Aid and Development Association in an air raid on southern Gaza, killing five people. Just a few hours before the air raid, Israeli soldiers also opened fire on a World Food Program vehicle with the United Nations logo. The State Council called these attacks "deeply disturbing" and said that "humanitarian workers are there to help innocent civilians, and Israel must ensure their protection".

Israel’s large-scale military operations in some towns and refugee camps in the West Bank entered its third day on the 30th, killing at least 19 Palestinians. The United Nations warned that the Israeli military action in the West Bank "worsened the already critical situation in the region".

Egypt’s Dawn newspaper said on the 30th that, in fact, Israel’s "iron fist policy" has not been loosened. According to the report, the Palestinian-Israeli issue is not a pain that can be cured by a single dose of vaccine, but requires in-depth political dialogue and practical solutions. In this chaotic land, the real long-term peace is still out of reach, and the short-term ceasefire may break again at any time.

Editor: Lin Gen

Proofreading: Tao Qian

What I want to introduce to you today is. As for the outstanding performance of the car, please read it together.

First of all, from the appearance, the whole front of Cadillac XT6 looks sharp, and with the multi-frame mesh, it looks deeper. Headlights are very in line with consumers’ aesthetics and look very capable as a whole. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the car side, the car body size is 5056MM*1964MM*1780MM, the car uses cold lines, the car side looks very sharp, with large thick-walled tires, smooth lines running through the whole car side. In the design of the rear end, the overall shape of the Cadillac XT6 rear end echoes the front end, and the taillights present a young and individual design style. Together with the unique exhaust pipe, the whole looks very individual.

In terms of interior, the interior modeling has taken a rounded route, highlighting the hierarchical effect. The steering wheel of the car is beautifully designed, made of genuine leather, and has a good grip. Take a look at the central control, with an 8-inch touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and looks young. The dashboard and seats are equally eye-catching. The dashboard of this car presents an angular design style and looks more dynamic. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, improving the ride experience of drivers and passengers.

The car is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, rear central armrest, rear wiper and other configurations, which greatly improves the convenience of using the car.

The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable. If you think so, today’s car is still worth recommending.