The latest version of the guide to children and adolescents’ obesity is released from the dining table to solve the problem of ＂chubby pier＂

    Original title: The latest version of the obesity feeding guide for children and adolescents is released

    Starting from the dining table and solving the problem of "chubby pier"

    Recently, National Health Commission released "Guidelines for Children and Adolescents’ Obesity (2024 Edition)". The Guide gives full play to the advantages of modern nutrition and the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, integrates medicinal substances and new food raw materials into a reasonable diet, and provides examples of recipe packages and nutrition and health suggestions for different seasons, regions and people, so as to provide reference for the joint prevention and control of obesity among adolescents and children at home and school, so that children can eat well and healthily. Many primary and secondary schools in Jiangsu provide nutritious meals at lunch time. How do the children eat? How does the school start from the dining table to prevent the "chubby pier"?

    Ensure safety and nutrition "two passes"

    "Are the vegetables fresh? Do you have any yellow withered leaves? Is the meat too fatty? " At less than 6: 30 in the morning, a truck loaded with fresh ingredients arrived at Phoenix Garden City Primary School in Nanjing. Zhu Hong, the general manager of the school, went forward to check and inspect the goods carefully. "Quality does not pass shall be returned! From the ingredients to the meals served to the students’ table, every process is under strict supervision to ensure the safety of students’ meals. " Zhu Hong said.

    Braised pork chops with green peppers and shredded potatoes on Monday, stewed pork ribs with radish and fried pork slices with cauliflower on Tuesday, and served with fruits … On the menu of Phoenix Garden City Primary School, the dishes are not repeated five days a week. "Generally, there are not many duplicate dishes in 3 weeks." Li Shifu, a canteen, told reporters that considering children’s weak stomachs, the canteen should ensure the supply of more than five kinds of seasonal vegetables every day.

    On February 1st this year, the Measures for the Management of Food Safety in Campus Canteen in Suqian City was officially implemented, which is the first local legislation specifically aimed at food safety in campus canteens in our province. In Suqian Suzhou Foreign Language School, the daily menu of the canteen was made by Chen Shufeng, the canteen manager of the school, and she also obtained the qualification certificate of senior nutritionist for this purpose. In the menu on March 11th, the reporter saw that all kinds of ingredients were scientifically matched, nutritious and delicious, including soy chicken nuggets, potato slices, ham stewed baby dishes, garlic-flavored chrysanthemum, tomato mushroom egg soup, rice, bananas and so on. "Our menu pays attention to balanced nutrition. We choose fresh vegetables and high-quality rice noodles. The ingredients will be sampled by the relevant departments before delivery. The results of pesticide residue testing are open and transparent, and it is more safe to use." Chen Shufeng introduced.

    The reporter combed the "Guide" and found that the daily diet should be diversified, and the daily food should include cereals, vegetables and fruits, livestock, fish, eggs and milk, and soybeans and nuts; Eat more than 12 kinds of food every day and more than 25 kinds of food every week. In order to control calorie intake, we should choose small portions of food to achieve food diversity, and control the total food intake according to the energy needs of children and adolescents of different ages. Increase the proportion of fresh vegetables and fruits, whole grains and miscellaneous beans in the diet; Ensure protein’s intake, and choose high-quality protein foods, such as fish, poultry, eggs, lean meat, milk and dairy products, soybeans and their products.

    "Taking the requirements of eating more than 12 kinds of food and small portions every day as an example, it is really difficult in actual operation." AARON Li, deputy chief physician of Pediatrics Department of Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, believes that children and adolescents should at least have a balanced diet of meat and vegetables to ensure the intake of dairy products and fruits. You can choose more high-protein and low-fat foods such as fish and shrimp to help your child grow and develop.

    Take more measures to make children eat well and eat well.

    Problems such as students’ lack of scientific and healthy dietary concepts and substandard nutrition in school canteens have always been the pain points that plague the nutritional health of primary and secondary school students. "In the regular satisfaction survey of school canteens, we found that high-calorie foods such as fried chicken legs and popcorn are deeply loved by students." Zhu Hong took out a stack of students’ satisfaction questionnaires in the canteen. Among them, in the column of "favorite dishes", many high-calorie foods were impressive.

    Zhu Hong admits that students may not have a more scientific concept of healthy eating, so the school guides everyone to form a scientific concept of eating through activities popular with students such as nutrition and health lectures and "CD-ROM" action textbooks. "I’m afraid that too much food will cause waste, and I’m afraid that students won’t have enough to eat, so we push the canteen master into the class, dynamically adjust the food quantity, and select the’ energy-saving class’ after each meal to help everyone establish a sense of cherishing food."

    The uneven professional skills of nutrition in school canteens are the reasons why the catering nutrition in some school canteens is not up to standard. Yangzhou Municipal Health and Health Commission and Yangzhou Municipal Education Bureau jointly issued the Action Plan for the Construction of Nutritional and Healthy Canteen in Yangzhou City, which clearly requires that all schools should form a good nutritional and healthy atmosphere in the canteen according to the action plan, strengthen the training of employees in making dishes with reduced oil and salt and reasonable dietary knowledge, make nutritional labels for each dish, monitor the nutritional components and the use of oil and salt in the dishes, and gradually reduce the unreasonable use of oil and salt to make more for students.

    Aiming at the problem of nutritional catering in canteens, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Jiangdu District of Yangzhou City has developed an intelligent assistant applet for nutritious and healthy canteens-"Ying Xiao Zhu". Taking boiled pork slices as an example, "Ying Xiao Zhu" can display a variety of nutritional information, and can also calculate the nutritional quality index (INQ) of the dish. Through the determination of INQ, the canteen can clearly see the nutritional value and energy supply ratio in the background, helping the canteen to improve the proportion of dishes and make healthier dishes for students.

    Starting from "Mouth" to Control Obesity Reasonably

    In recent years, the obesity rate of children and adolescents in China has risen rapidly, which has become one of the important public health problems. The publication of the Guide is not simply a dietary health guide, but also directly points to the core problem behind it-obesity of adolescents and children.

    "There are not many children who come to see a doctor simply because of obesity, but many boys come to see a doctor because of abnormal breast or genital development. Most of the deep reasons behind it are obesity." AARON Li said that family heredity, eating habits, and reduced exercise may all lead to obesity, but there are many restrictions on the use of drugs for adolescents and children with obesity, and the main intervention method is still the adjustment of diet and exercise.

    The reporter found that the Guide emphasizes the understanding and classification of obesity in Chinese medicine, and also pays attention to the holistic view and dialectical view of Chinese medicine when designing food and nutrition recipes. Why emphasize the role of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in controlling obesity in adolescents and children? AARON Li introduced: "Chinese medicine emphasizes the prevention of disease, and it is more gentle to regulate the physical condition of children when they are inconvenient to take medicine."

    Traditionally, "chubby" children are in good health. AARON Li noticed that many children who are slightly overweight do better in resistance. As long as the degree of overweight does not affect their normal study activities and daily life, parents need not worry too much. Parents need to take their children to the hospital in time if they have snoring, breathing with their mouths open, decreased exercise ability, or even diseases such as acanthosis nigricans, fatty liver, sleep apnea, or psychological problems related to obesity. (Cheng Xiaolin, Jiang Mingrui)