The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued a plan to scientifically deal with the impact of El Niñ o on agriculture

　　Guangming Daily, Beijing, December 8th (Reporter chenchen)Under the influence of moderate intensity El Nino event and the background of global warming, it is predicted that cold air will be active in most parts of China this winter and next spring, extreme weather may occur frequently, and the situation of agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation is complicated and severe. In order to do a good job in agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief in winter and spring, win the initiative of grain and oil harvest in summer, and ensure the stable supply of vegetables and other "vegetable basket" products, the general office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recently issued the "Pre-plan for scientifically coping with El Niñ o disaster prevention and mitigation this winter and next spring to ensure safe and stable supply" (hereinafter referred to as the "Pre-plan"), requiring all localities to firmly establish the concepts of "disaster prevention is to increase production, and loss is to increase grain" and "prevention is more important than rescue", and actively respond,

　　The "Pre-plan" puts forward the main measures for agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief by region and disaster species. The first is to prevent the possible low temperature freezing injury in the northern winter wheat area. Carry out pre-winter suppression and classify winter irrigation; Strengthen field management in early spring, pay close attention to weather changes, and timely irrigate before cooling to improve soil moisture and prevent freezing injury; For wheat fields suffering from freezing injury, classified fertilization is used to remedy and promote the recovery of growth. The second is to prevent the possible spring drought in the northern winter wheat area. Overhaul irrigation facilities in advance, and once drought occurs, concentrate limited water sources to water seedlings; In early spring, vigorously promote measures such as harrowing, hoeing, weeding and suppression to promote green growth; Spraying drought-resistant water-retaining agent on leaves can enhance the drought resistance of plants. The third is to prevent possible rain, snow and freezing disasters in open fields and protected vegetables. Overhaul the shed in advance and clear the snow in time; Heat preservation quilts and grass mats should be added to the protected vegetables in time to prevent the cold, and the open vegetables should be strengthened with intertillage and soil cultivation, and covered with sunshade after the cold wave to prevent freezing injury; Scientifically manage fertilizer and water, and do a good job in the prevention and control of aphids, soft rot, downy mildew and other diseases and pests; Pay close attention to market dynamics, timely release supply and demand information, promote the convergence of production and marketing, and arrange emergency supply and production in large and medium-sized cities in advance. The fourth is to prevent possible waterlogging and freezing disasters of rape in Jiangnan. Clear ditches in advance to reduce stains and keep the "three ditches" unblocked; Timely intertillage and weeding to control prosperity and promote strength; Before the cold wave comes, spray growth regulators in advance to prevent cold and freeze; For frozen rape, clear the frozen leaves in time and topdressing to promote growth; In spring, according to the seedling situation, timely and appropriate topdressing fertilizer should be applied. The fifth is to prevent the possible freezing injury of rain and snow in livestock and poultry aquaculture. Check and maintain livestock sheds and ponds and ridges, and do a good job in keeping warm and preventing freezing of breeding facilities and equipment such as pens and ponds.Strengthen feeding management and scientific feeding, strengthen the storage of forage and other materials and the sale of livestock and poultry, strengthen the monitoring and prevention of major animal diseases, and prevent seasonal rebound. The sixth is to prevent possible spring floods in the central and eastern parts of Northeast China. Early stubble preparation to disperse soil moisture, determine suitable mature varieties and prepare seeds; Strengthen the scheduling of machines and tools, organize the mechanical ploughing and sowing operations, and improve the sowing quality. The seventh is to guard against the possible spring drought in the northeast and west. Reasonably adjust the structure to avoid disasters; Popularize no-tillage sowing, drought-resistant "sowing with water", plastic film mulching, drip irrigation under plastic film and other drought-resistant technologies; Scientifically determine the main varieties and do a good job in seed adjustment and transportation as soon as possible. Eight is to prevent possible drought in winter and spring in southwest China. Do everything possible to broaden water sources and repair and build farmland rainwater collection and storage facilities; The winter fallow field stores water in advance for ploughing; Popularize techniques such as centralized rice seedling raising and dry rice seedling raising; Water the seedlings in time in areas with water sources; Spray drought-resistant water-retaining agent on plots without water source in time, and replant plots due to drought according to local conditions.

　　Guangming Daily (December 9, 2023, 03 edition)