Learn first and pay later？ Beware of the trap of ＂training loan＂ aimed at college students

Xinhua News Agency issued Wang Peng/Zuo

　　Despite living expenses of 2,000 yuan per month, Yang Yun, a freshman in Hefei, Anhui Province, has been living in poverty for the past six months. Because 880 yuan wants to transfer to a small loan platform, this loan is not even handled by herself.

　　Pay 880 yuan a monthly fee of 10,560 yuan in 12 installments, which is the "tuition fee" for the online original painting training class that Yang Yun signed up for. After listening to a live class, Yang Yun signed a loan agreement step by step with the "encouragement" of the "teacher" of the training institution.

　　A few days ago, Yang Yun, who repeatedly applied for a refund but failed, submitted a complaint to the National 12315 Platform and the State Bureau of Letters and Calls through his lawyer, and is now waiting for the result. The training institution did not respond to her complaint.

　　Yang Yun’s experience is not a case.

　　According to a survey conducted by the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network, many inexperienced college students are attracted by various online training courses, such as painting, PS, editing, dubbing, etc., and they can also study easily with zero foundation, take orders while learning, and institutional teachers introduce resources. It is very simple to earn more than 10,000 yuan a month … … For college students who have no savings, many training courses have also advertised "study first and pay later" and "interest-free installment", and the microfinance platforms behind them are even more varied.

　　On March 30th, the China Consumers Association and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League issued a consumption warning to remind young students and consumers to rationally consider ahead of consumption and carefully choose lending institutions to avoid falling into the trap of bad "campus loans".

　　Many college students have become "leeks" that bad businesses keep an eye on and harvest. Why do they fall into the trap step by step?

　　"Learn first and pay later" and "Interest-free installment" to guide the loan step by step.

　　In late August last year, Yang Yun, who was about to enter the university, pondered over finding a sideline job. "After studying in the university, I don’t have to ask my parents for money.". I happened to browse an original painting course recommended by WeChat WeChat official account. She was attracted by the conditions of "being able to work part-time" and "learning first and paying later" and added the WeChat of the course leader.

　　After a course introduction, the person in charge invited Yang Yun to attend the live broadcast open class that day. Yang Yun recalled that the open class introduced many different styles of original painting creation and the preferential activities registered that day, and she was tempted. But for the high "tuition", as a student, she can’t bear it herself, and parents should not agree to spend so much money to learn painting.

　　In the chat record provided by Yang Yun to the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network, the person in charge gave her a detailed introduction to the way of "earning while learning": "Tuition fees are interest-free in installments, and the first installment will not be paid until next month. We also outsource and push in, and earn while learning. You can also learn from the low class first, and then take orders to make money and then move up. " Immediately, he offered Yang Yun the discount of "100 yuan free of reservation fee", and asked her to fill in the "admission information", including name, highest education, QQ number, mobile phone number, ID number, mobile phone number of emergency contact person, etc., and noted that "the information is only used for registration and will not be used for other purposes".

　　"He said don’t worry about the cost. I said I didn’t have the money to pay the deposit, and he also applied for a free reservation fee for me. I really believed it at the time, and I felt that there was such a good company. " Yang Yun told reporters that after she decided to sign up, the person in charge called and taught her how to handle the tuition by stages.

　　"The operation was carried out with his help. He asked me for personal information such as name, telephone number, home address, and left the bank card number and ID number. I was actually a little hesitant at that time, but I thought it was disrespectful to call others liars on the phone. I thought, what if he is not a liar? " Yang Yun decided to "do it first" while going online to inquire about the company that launched this training — — Guangzhou original painting animation culture development co., ltd. "When I saw Baidu search, some comments wrote ‘ Reliable ’ In two words, I am relieved. "

　　Finally, Yang Yun chose 12 installments. After completing the formalities, the opposite party sent her four documents: Authorization for Entrust Deduction, Authorization for Withholding, Loan Contract and Entrustment Guarantee Contract. At this time, she discovered that the original tuition payment by installments was a loan.

　　Like Yang Yun, Qing Liu, a freshman in Zhaotong, Yunnan, likes painting very much. After adding an organization’s "teacher" WeChat through online advertising, she purchased a series of courses on commercial illustration and handled the "tuition" installment.

　　Qing Liu told reporters that the "teacher" promised that "you can make money by taking orders after studying for three months" was too tempting. "She also told me that there was one-on-one tutoring by teachers and the class teacher supervised the study". So, under the guidance of the "teacher", she paid the deposit of 100 yuan and reserved the number of courses.

　　"I don’t want to report when I have paid the deposit and haven’t reported for work, but ‘ Teacher ’ He said that 100 yuan’s deposit would not be refunded, that the deposit could be converted into tuition fees, and that he led me to pay 200 yuan’s deposit. " Qing Liu said that when he suggested that he didn’t have the money to report for work, the other party told him that he could pay by installments, about one month in 400 yuan.

　　"After hearing the installment payment, I promised to sign up for the class, but in fact, this 400 yuan accounted for nearly half of my living expenses." She said that through the link shared by the other party, she filled in information such as name, mobile phone number, ID number and home address, and handled 9 installment loans on a platform.

　　Through advertisements on social platforms, the reporter randomly added a consultant WeChat of an illustration training course and made an appointment for a free "popular teacher training camp" that night.

　　After the two-hour live class, the staff introduced the tuition fee, saying, "You can support 12 installments without extra interest, and credit cards and flower beds can be used." He also said that "novices can take orders after learning for about 3 months. Illustration is an essential design skill in this society, and full-time employment is a high salary, and the salary of fresh graduates is 6000-8000 yuan."

　　In more than five months after she stopped attending classes, she was still paying back the loan.

　　After participating in the course study for one month, Qing Liu felt that "the quality of the course is not good, and most of them are works evaluation". She wanted to refund the rest of the course fees, but she was rejected. She said frankly, "They said at first that they wouldn’t refund the deposit. Later, they said that they could help me suspend classes, and then I would continue listening after I wanted to learn. Seeing this attitude, I gradually realized that I was cheated. "

　　The negotiation was fruitless. Although Qing Liu has stopped attending classes, the loan is still going on. Afraid of affecting the credit information, she "can only continue to repay the loan".

　　When Yang Yun felt "struggling" in learning PS skills, he also proposed to drop out of class. The other side encouraged her to persist. "I was also thinking, this is what I want to learn, how can I give up easily?"

　　So, she persisted. However, the ensuing military training in universities and busy studies made her too busy to take care of online courses. With the development of anti-fraud propaganda and other education in schools, she gradually realized that she had encountered a trap.

　　In November last year, she formally proposed to withdraw from the class again, but the other party said that the fee could not be refunded according to the signed contract. "I didn’t quite understand the contents of those contracts at that time, and I was afraid that overdue repayment would affect my personal credit information and affect my future life. I want to pay back the money when it’s a big deal, and I will consider myself a loss. "

　　Yang Yun showed these electronic documents to the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network. The reporter found that although the course sales company is an original painting animation culture development company in Guangzhou, its loan platform is a network microfinance company in Zhejiang.

　　Sky Eye Survey shows that in the past year, this original painting animation culture development co., Ltd. has been sued for five court announcements, all of which are "education and training contract disputes". In the black cat complaint platform, complaints against the above companies and platforms continue to occur.

　　On the social platform, there are also many college students’ netizens who have exposed their experience of signing up for online training courses and being induced to lend by installments, including many young people who recover "tuition fees" through complaints.

　　Many deceived college students claim that these complicated contract terms are their "blind areas" and have become the "magic weapon" for training institutions to cut off the refund requirements.

　　Zhang Song, a senior student in Xi ‘an, is luckier than Yang Yun and Qing Liu, and has recovered his "tuition".

　　Because of his good voice condition, he signed up for a dubbing training course in an institution. At the time of registration, the other party said that the tuition fee could be paid in installments. However, after the course started, he found that the quality of the course was not high. "There are only one or two practical courses, and the later courses are very watery."

　　When he proposed to quit class, the other party also came up with a routine, "either delay or transfer to other courses." But in the end, studying law, he got his tuition back with the help of the local police.

　　More than five months after she stopped attending classes, Yang Yun was still paying off the loan. This made her regret. "I didn’t have living expenses during the winter vacation. I even put in my birthday red envelope and lucky money, but it was still not enough to repay. I was afraid to ask my parents for it, so I could only borrow money from my brothers and sisters, which made my sister ignore me now."

　　"It is said that college is the first step to enter the society, but I stumbled before I started my college life." Yang Yun said helplessly, "If this complaint is not successful, I will have to work to earn money and repay the loan in the summer vacation.".

　　All social forces need to pay more attention to bad "campus loans"

　　The consumer warning issued by China Consumers Association and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League recently mentioned that there are also serious hidden dangers behind the popularity of "campus loans". On the one hand, there are a series of problems in the current "campus loan" market, such as low threshold for loan business, uneven qualifications of operators, ineffective identity verification, opaque contract information, insufficient risk warning, etc. On the other hand, because college students’ three views are not yet fully mature, their material needs are strong, and they are curious about unknown things, but their own control ability is poor, their awareness of risk prevention is weak, and they lack social experience, so they are easy to fall into the trap of criminals.

　　Although the mode of "learning first and paying later" has been widely used in the education industry, educational institutions need to rely on third-party financial institutions, loan companies and other platforms to realize "learning first and paying later", and the legal risks involved need to be vigilant.

　　Jin Lin, a lawyer of Beijing Jingshi Law Firm, believes that educational institutions like Yang Yun, under the guise of "learning first and paying later", are actually luring students to take loans on microfinance platforms, which is suspected of both false propaganda and consumer fraud. "If the personnel of education and training institutions use coercion to force consumers to buy course services, or do not allow consumers to withdraw from classes and refund fees, and ask consumers to continue to receive services, they will also be suspected of forced trading." Jin Lin reminded that if you sign an unfair contract with "overlord clause" by mistake without paying attention to it, you can also point out the other party’s violation of laws and regulations. If the other party ignores it, it is suggested to report and complain to 12315, online petition, industrial and commercial administration department and local financial supervision bureau with relevant evidence, such as chat records, transfer records and signing contracts with sales staff of training institutions in the early stage. In addition, you can also bring a lawsuit to the court to protect your rights through litigation.

　　In response to the question that college students are concerned about whether non-performance of repayment will affect personal credit reporting, Jin Lin said that whether lending by small loan companies has any impact on credit reporting depends on whether the lender has access to the central bank’s credit reporting system. "Platforms without access to the credit reporting system generally fail to meet the access requirements. The loan interest of such platforms is much higher than other platforms, and vicious incidents such as violent collection often occur on such platforms. China has severely cracked down on high-interest loans and violent collection, so don’t use such loans to avoid it.

　　She also said that if complaints and reports to consumer associations, black cat complaint platforms and other public welfare consumer complaint platforms still cannot solve the problem, or the amount of fraud is large (for example, more than 3,000 yuan), it is recommended to defend rights through legal channels, bring a lawsuit to the court or report to the public security organs.

　　Bad "campus loans" are constantly renovating their scams and traps to meet the consumption needs of college students. China Consumers Association and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League called on all sectors of society to pay more attention to bad "campus loans", actively build a multi-party collaborative governance pattern, improve the industry access and operation supervision system, clarify the industry access threshold, improve the industry risk prevention and control mechanism, investigate and rectify illegal institutions, and provide customized, standardized, safe, transparent and risk-controllable financial products and services for college students.

　　(At the request of the respondents, Yang Yun, Qing Liu and Zhang Song are all pseudonyms of Zhongqing Daily and Zhongqing Net reporter Meng Peipei)