Statistics Bureau Announces Main Results of the Third National Agricultural Census
Cctv newsAccording to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, in order to find out the basic national conditions of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and find out the new development and changes of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the State Council organized the third national agricultural census. The standard time of this census is December 31, 2016, and the period data is 2016. The census targets include agricultural business households, households living in rural areas with confirmed (contracted) land or agricultural means of production, agricultural business units, villagers’ committees and township people’s governments. The main contents of the census are agricultural production capacity and its output, rural infrastructure and its basic social services, and farmers’ living conditions. The agricultural census adopts the method of comprehensive investigation, and the enumerators check and fill in all census objects one by one. A total of nearly 4 million census takers, census instructors and staff of census institutions at all levels have been mobilized nationwide, and 230 million farmers, 600,000 village-level units, 40,000 township-level units and more than 2 million agricultural business units have been registered. More than 50,000 workers were organized to carry out satellite remote sensing measurement on the sown area of staple crops such as grain and cotton, more than 100,000 scenes of satellite remote sensing data were processed, 110,000 quadrats and more than 20,000 sampling survey areas were investigated on the spot, more than 2,700 UAV flight surveys were carried out in the whole village, the spatial distribution of major crops planted in China was mastered, and the data on the sown area of major crops in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and major planting counties were obtained.
According to the international practice, the State Council Agricultural General Office organized a spot check of data quality and evaluated the quality of census data. The results of comprehensive spot checks show that the omission rate of registered households in agricultural census is 0.19%, and the difference rate of census index data is 0.40%. The data quality meets the design standard.
According to the relevant provisions of the National Agricultural Census Regulations, the State Council Agricultural General Office and the National Bureau of Statistics will issue census bulletins by stages to announce the main results of the census to the public.
Basic situation of farmers in agriculture and rural areas
The third national agricultural census investigated 31,925 townships, including 11,081 townships and 20,844 towns. 596,450 villages, including 556,264 village committees and 40,186 agriculture-related neighborhood committees; 3.17 million natural villages; 150,000 new rural settlements built after 2006.
I. Agricultural business entities
In 2016, there were 2.04 million agricultural business units in China. At the end of 2016, there were 1.79 million farmers’ cooperatives registered in the industrial and commercial departments, including 910,000 farmers’ cooperatives mainly engaged in agricultural production, operation or service registered in the agricultural census; 207.43 million agricultural business households, including 3.98 million large-scale agricultural business households. There are 314.22 million agricultural production and management personnel in China.
Second, the ownership of agricultural machinery
By the end of 2016, there were 26.9 million tractors, 5.13 million cultivators, 8.25 million rotary cultivators, 6.52 million seeders, 680,000 rice transplanters, 1.14 million combine harvesters and 10.31 million motorized threshers.
Third, land use
At the end of 2016, the cultivated land area [1] was 134,921 thousand hectares, the actually operated forest land area (excluding the ecological forest protection forest that was not included in the compensation area of ecological public welfare forest) was 203,046 thousand hectares, and the actually operated grassland (grassland) area was 224,388 thousand hectares. (Note [1]: The cultivated land area uses the data of the Ministry of Land and Resources)
Fourth, rural infrastructure
At the end of 2016, within the township area, 8.6% of townships had railway stations, 7.7% had docks, and 21.5% had expressways. 99.3% of villages have access to highways.
By the end of 2016, 99.7% of villages in China had electricity and 11.9% had natural gas. 25.1% of villages have e-commerce distribution sites.
By the end of 2016, 91.3% of towns and villages had centralized or partially centralized water supply, and 90.8% of township domestic garbage was centralized or partially centralized. 73.9% of village domestic garbage is treated centrally or partially, 17.4% of village domestic sewage is treated centrally or partially, and 53.5% of villages have completed or partially completed toilet improvement.
V. Basic public services in rural areas
By the end of 2016, 96.8% of townships had libraries and cultural stations, 11.9% had theaters and theaters, 16.6% had stadiums, and 70.6% had parks and leisure fitness squares. 59.2% of the villages have sports and fitness places.
By the end of 2016, 96.5% of townships had kindergartens and nurseries, and 98.0% of townships had primary schools; 32.3% of villages have kindergartens and nurseries.
By the end of 2016, 99.9% of townships had medical and health institutions, 98.4% had practicing (assistant) doctors, and 66.8% had social welfare adoption units. 81.9% of villages have clinics.
VI. Living conditions of farmers
By the end of 2016, 99.5% of households owned their own houses, 47.7% used purified tap water, and 36.2% used flush toilets.
Note:
1. Township: refers to townships and towns, including key towns, non-key towns and townships. It does not include street offices and management institutions such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery farms with township government functions.
2. Village: refers to the area under the jurisdiction of villagers’ committees and agriculture-related residents’ committees.
3. Natural village: refers to the village formed by the natural settlement of residents in rural areas, and natural villages should generally have their own names.
4. Agricultural business households: refers to agricultural business households who live in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and are engaged in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services.
5. Large-scale agricultural business households: Large-scale agricultural business households refer to agricultural business households with large-scale agricultural operations and mainly commercial operations. The scale standard is:
Planting: The land for planting crops in the open field in the one-year cropping system area reaches 100 mu or more, the land for planting crops in the open field in the two-year cropping system area reaches 50 mu or more, and the facilities for protected agriculture cover an area of 25 mu or more.
Animal husbandry: annual slaughter of 200 pigs and above; Beef cattle slaughter 20 or more per year; There are 20 or more cows on hand; Slaughter 100 or more in the Year of the Sheep; Broilers and ducks slaughter 10,000 or more per year; There are 2,000 laying hens and ducks on hand; Goose slaughter 1000 and above a year.
Forestry: The operating forest land area reaches 500 mu and above.
Fishery: the freshwater or marine aquaculture area reaches 50 mu or more; 1 fishing motor boat with a length of 24 meters or more; 2 fishing motor boats with a length of 12 meters or more; Other ways of fishery business income of 300 thousand yuan and above.
Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Services: operational income, which provides agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services outside the household, has reached 100,000 yuan and above.
Others: agricultural operators who fail to meet any of the above conditions, but the total annual sales of various agricultural products in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry reaches 100,000 yuan or more, such as various specialty planting industries and large aquaculture enterprises.
6. Agricultural business units: refer to legal entities and unregistered units mainly engaged in agricultural production and business operations in People’s Republic of China (PRC), as well as agricultural industrial activity units in legal entities or unregistered units not mainly engaged in agricultural production and business operations. It includes farms, forest farms, farms, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery farms, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service units and farmers’ cooperatives with actual agricultural business activities; It also includes agricultural industrial activity units affiliated to state organs, social organizations, schools, scientific research units, industrial and mining enterprises, villagers’ committees, residents’ committees, foundations and other units.
7. Agricultural production and operation personnel: refers to the number of personnel who have been engaged in agricultural production and operation activities for more than 30 days in agricultural business households or agricultural business units (including part-time personnel).
8. Farmers’ cooperatives: refers to farmers’ mutual-aid economic organizations with the name of cooperatives, which meet the requirements of the Farmers’ Professional Cooperatives Law on the nature of cooperatives, conditions and procedures for establishment, rights and obligations of members, organizational structure and financial management, and have agricultural production and management or agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services. Including farmers’ cooperatives that have been registered in the industrial and commercial departments, and those that have not been registered but meet the above requirements, excluding joint-stock cooperative enterprises, community economic cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, etc. registered in the company name. Nor does it include farmers’ cooperatives engaged in non-agricultural industries such as purchasing agricultural means of production, processing, storage, transportation and sales of agricultural products.
9. Tractors: refer to tractors with rated engine power above 2.2 kW (including 2.2 kW), including small four-wheeled tractors and hand-held tractors.
10. Ploughing machine: refers to the machine driven by its own engine, which is mainly engaged in paddy field and dry field ploughing operation, including micro-tillers and farm management machines.
11. Rotary tiller: refers to the tillage machinery that completes the tillage and harrowing operations with tractors.
12. Seeder: including drill seeder, hole seeder, special-shaped seed seeder, small seed seeder, rhizome seed seeder, seeder, no-tillage seeder, etc.
13. Rice transplanter: refers to the machine with its own power-driven operation used for rice transplanter.
14. Combine harvester: refers to a machine that can complete cutting (ear picking), threshing, separation, cleaning and other processes of crop harvesting at one time. Include a rice-wheat combine and a corn combine.
15. Motor thresher: refers to the working machinery driven by power machinery to thresh crops.
16. The actual forestland area: refers to the forestland area actually used by agricultural business households and agricultural business units in the census year. Woodland refers to the land where trees, bamboos and shrubs grow and the land where mangroves grow along the coast. Including the trace land, excluding the land for greening trees in residential areas, trees within the scope of land acquisition by railways and highways, and dike forests of rivers and ditches. Does not include the ecological forest protection forest that is not included in the compensation area of ecological public welfare forest.
17. The actual grassland (grassland) area: refers to the grassland (grassland) area actually used by agricultural business households and agricultural business units in the census year. Pasture refers to the land that mainly grows herbs and is used for animal husbandry.
18. Towns with railway stations: refers to the stations set up by the national railway department within the jurisdiction of towns that can normally transport goods or passengers.
19. Towns with docks: refers to the structures built along the coast, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, etc. within the jurisdiction of towns and villages, which are mainly used for the transportation of goods or passengers. It does not include the water in the park, which is only for cruise ships to dock.
20. Villages and towns with highway entrances and exits: refers to the existence of highway entrances and exits within the jurisdiction of villages and towns that meet the requirements of the Technical Standards for Highway Engineering of the Ministry of Communications of China.
21. Villages with e-commerce distribution sites: refer to distribution sites serving new commodity trading modes such as online shopping in the village area.
22. Villages and towns with centralized or partial water supply: refer to villages and towns where all or part of households drink tap water through urban and rural tap water pipeline networks.
23. Villages with centralized treatment or partial centralized treatment of domestic garbage refer to villages with garbage disposal facilities for centralized garbage disposal, or without garbage disposal facilities, but with unified centralized garbage removal and disposal.
24. Villages with centralized treatment or partial centralized treatment of domestic sewage refer to villages with sewage treatment facilities for centralized treatment, or without sewage treatment facilities, sewage is collected in a unified and centralized way and treated by other units.
25. Villages that have completed or partially completed the renovation of latrines refer to villages that have completed or partially completed the renovation of open-air septic tanks, cesspits, dry toilets and simple toilets. Most or all residents use toilets with septic tanks, biogas digesters or three compartments, and some residents use public toilets or other designated places in the village as dumping places.
26. Villages and towns with libraries and cultural stations: refer to the libraries and cultural stations that have been approved by the cultural management department and are open to the public within the jurisdiction of villages and towns, excluding the library in the unit.
27. Towns with theatres and theaters: refers to the special theaters with independent accounting, theaters which are in charge of cultural departments and can perform plays, theaters which also show movies, and non-independent accounting theaters and rehearsals affiliated to theaters and groups that are open for business.
28. Towns with stadiums and gymnasiums: refer to those with stadiums and gymnasiums within the jurisdiction of towns and villages. A stadium refers to an outdoor track and field with a 400-meter runway (including a football field in the center), fixed kerbs, more than six runways and fixed stands. Gymnasium refers to an indoor sports ground with fixed stands for basketball, volleyball, badminton, table tennis and gymnastics. Including all kinds of sports venues opened to the outside world by schools, enterprises and institutions, but excluding sports fitness squares.
29. Villages and towns with parks and leisure fitness squares refer to places within the jurisdiction of villages and towns that have been approved by relevant administrative departments for residents’ leisure and play.
30. A village with a sports fitness center: refers to a village where there are sports activity stations, gymnasiums and places with fixed places and necessary facilities organized by village collectives, individuals or other institutions, mainly for the purpose of serving the public.
31. Townships (villages) with kindergartens and nurseries refer to kindergartens and nurseries, including preschool classes, within the jurisdiction of townships (villages), and kindergartens and nurseries run by individuals of a certain scale (with more than 10 children) without the approval of relevant departments.
32. Towns with primary schools: refers to schools within the jurisdiction of townships that have been approved by the education departments at or above the county level and mainly implement primary school teaching plans to recruit school-age children.
33. Towns with medical and health institutions: refers to the units that have obtained the Practice License of Medical Institutions and the Technical Service License of Family Planning from the administrative department of health, or obtained the registration certificate of legal entity from the administrative departments of civil affairs, industry and commerce, and establishment management, and provided medical care, disease control, health supervision services or engaged in medical research and medical on-the-job training for the society. Medical and health institutions include hospitals, primary medical and health institutions, professional public health institutions and other medical and health institutions.
34. Villages and towns with practicing (assistant) doctors refer to those who have one or more doctors’ practicing licenses and their grades as practicing doctors and assistant doctors and are actually engaged in medical treatment, prevention and health care, excluding doctors who have practicing licenses but are actually engaged in management.
35. Towns and villages with social welfare adoption units refer to towns and villages with social welfare institutions such as disabled revolutionary soldiers’ rest homes, retired soldiers’ sanatoriums for chronic diseases, mental hospitals for retired soldiers, glorious hospitals, social welfare homes, children’s welfare homes, psychiatric welfare homes, and elderly adoption institutions (nursing homes, nursing homes, elderly apartments) that provide accommodation and accommodation within the township jurisdiction.
36. Villages with clinics: refers to villages with clinics (institutes and stations) established by various economic organizations and individuals with the permission of medical authorities at or above the county level. Clinics (institutes and stations) need to have fixed business premises, mainly engaged in medical and health activities. It does not include professional dentists, and units mainly engaged in drug sales activities.
37. Housing: generally refers to a house with walls, roofs, doors, windows and other structures, surrounded by walls, which can protect people from wind and rain. According to local living habits, caves, bamboo houses, yurts, tents, felt houses and boathouses that can be used for living are also included.
38. Purified tap water refers to water that is purified and disinfected by waterworks or centralized purification facilities and meets the national drinking water standards for people’s lives.
39. Flushing sanitary toilet (flushing into sewer, septic tank and toilet pit): refers to a toilet with a water supply and drainage system, or a spare bucket (ladle flushing) in the toilet room, and a water seal or waterless seal for sitting or squatting, and feces and sewage are flushed into sewer, septic tank and toilet pit without flies and environmental pollution.